fiulare

Forms

fiulare f (plural fiulări)^[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *fībulāria, a derivative of Latin fībula (“pin, bolt, clasp”).^{[2][3][4][5][1]} The etymology goes back to Candrea-Hecht's study of the Latin elements of Romanian and is accepted by Pușcariu and the REW.^[2][5][6] The word has no counterpart in the other Romance languages.^[2] The REW lists under the same Latin word Aromanian mpiurare “to pin up with a needle”.^[6] The Latin noun is from the root of fīgō (“to fix”) with an instrumental suffix.^[7]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin's first record is in Frâncu and Candrea's book on the Moți of 1888.^[4] MDA2 dates it to the DA of 1913, but the DA itself cites Damé's folk terminology for the form fiular.^[3][5]

Semantic evolution

The word belongs to the farm vocabulary of western Transylvania, Banat and Oltenia, and its senses are all wooden or iron pins and rods.^[5][2][8] The main one is the peg that joins the upper and lower bars of the yoke, elsewhere called bulfeu.^[9][5] In Banat it also names the rods or bolt that join the mouldboard of the plough to its body and the arm of the batten of a loom.^[9][8] In Oltenia the CADE records it for the dewlap of an ox.^[8]

Timeline

• 1888 – the first record, in Frâncu and Candrea's study of the Moți.^[4]
• 1898 – the form fiular in Damé's folk terminology.^[5]
• 1907–1914 – Candrea–Densusianu record its senses in Banat.^[9]

Meanings

Noun

1. (regional) The peg of a yoke that joins its upper and lower bars; bulfeu.^{[3][10][9][1]}
2. (regional, Banat) Each of the rods joining the mouldboard of the plough to its body.^[10][8]
3. (regional, Banat) An arm of the batten of a loom.^[9]
4. (regional, Oltenia) The dewlap of an ox.^[8]

Related words

• bulfeu
• Latin fībula

Usage notes

Variants are fiolare and a neuter fiular; the plural is fiulări, in Banat also fiulare.^[4][3][5] The word is pronounced fi-u-lare.^[5]

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. fiulare
3. ^ a b c d Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 911
4. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. fiulare
5. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. fiulare
6. ^ a b Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 3278
7. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
8. ^ a b c d e Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. fiulare
9. ^ a b c d e Candrea, I.-A.; Densusianu, Ov. (1907–1914), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române: elementele latine (A–Putea), București, p. s.v. fiulare
10. ^ a b Academia Republicii Populare Romîne (1958), Dicționarul limbii romîne moderne, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 306