Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word deși

Confidence
Established
Formation
Compound
First attested
1643 Varlaam's Cazania More words from the 17th century
Ultimate origin
Proto-Italic *dē,*sei,*ke
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin dē
Aromanian deadun
Aromanian di
French de
Italian da
Italian di
Italian dove
Romanian de
Romanian deși
Spanish de
From the same root
Latin deante ← dē
Latin dēforīs ← dē
Latin dehinc ← dē
Latin deinde ← dē
Latin deinter ← dē
Latin deintrō ← dē
Latin dēintus ← dē
Latin dēlīrō ← dē
Latin dēmum ← dē
Latin dēnique ← dē
Latin dēnuō ← dē
Latin dēretrō ← dē
Latin dēsubtus ← dē
Latin dēsuper ← dē
Latin dēsūrsum ← dē
Latin dēterior ← dē
Latin dēviō ← dē
Latin dorsum ← dē
Latin duodēvīgintī ← dē
Latin ūndēvīgintī ← dē
French cul-de-sac ← de
French davantage ← de
French debout ← de
French devant ← de
French dinde ← de
Italian dappertutto ← da
Italian davvero ← da
Italian dipoi ← di
Romanian dacă ← de
Romanian dânsul ← de
See all derived words →

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian de (“if”) + și (“even”), two elements that could at first be separated.[1][2][3][4] The DELR compares other concessive phrases made of a conditional conjunction and an adverb that marks a fact as contrary to expectation: even if and German auch wenn or wenn auch.[1] The old language also used the combinations ⟨să … și⟩ and ⟨și de⟩.[1] Scriban still quotes the parts apart, ⟨de se și ascunde⟩ “even if he hides”.[5] Șăineanu's derivation from Latin ⟨de sic⟩ is an old view.[6]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in Varlaam's Cazania of 1643: „Deși sămt omului de treabă într-această lume, cu lăcomie tot să nu strângă” “even though [these things] are needed by man in this world, let him not gather them greedily”.[1][7] The sense was concessive from the start.[7]

Semantic evolution

The New Testament of 1648, Miron Costin and Dosoftei's verse psalter use it in the same sense.[7] Mardarie's Slavonic–Romanian lexicon of 1649 gives it for the Slavonic аще и “even if”.[8] In the old language the main clause often answered it with dar, însă or măcar; today it is totuși or cu toate acestea.[7][9] It also introduces elliptical phrases without a verb.[2]

Timeline

  • 1643 – in Varlaam's Cazania, the first record.[1][7]
  • 1648 – in the New Testament of Bălgrad.[7]
  • 1649 – Mardarie's lexicon glosses Slavonic аще и.[8]
  • 1673 – in Dosoftei's verse psalter.[7][3]
  • 1825 – the Lexicon of Buda glosses it with Latin etsi, quamvis and German obschon, obwohl.[10]

Meanings

Conjunction

  1. although, even though: introduces a concessive clause, often answered by totuși: Deși ploua, am ieșit. “Although it was raining, we went out.”[2][7]
  2. In elliptical phrases without a verb: deși obosit, a continuat “though tired, he went on”.[2][9]

Usage notes

The same spelling is also the masculine plural of the adjective des “dense, frequent”.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. deși
  2. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 302
  3. ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 680
  4. ^ Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  5. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 415
  6. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 203
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. deși
  8. ^ a b c Ungureanu, Mădălina; Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Moruz, Alexandru (eds.), eRomLex: The First Romanian Bilingual Dictionaries (17th century), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. s.v. deși
  9. ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 84
  10. ^ Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 182
Cite this entry

“Deși.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/de%C8%99i. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

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