Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word chitară

Confidence
Established
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
1785 More words from the 18th century
Borrowed from
Italian chitarra
Ultimate origin
Ancient Greek κιθάρα

Pronunciation

  • /kiˈta.rə/[1]

Forms

chitară f (plural chitare)[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Italian chitarra, as DELR, MDA2, DEX, Tiktin and the neologism dictionaries agree.[2][3][4][5][6] The DA allows Modern Greek κιθάρα (kithára) as a second source, and Scriban names both.[7][8] The variant ghitară is from French guitare, itself from Spanish guitarra; the variant citară is a hyper-Latinism, remade after the Latin word.[2][7]

The Italian word, recorded from the early 14th century in Dante, is a loan from Arabic قِيثَارَة (qīṯāra), which comes from Latin cithara and ultimately Ancient Greek κιθάρα (kithára, “lyre”).[9][10][1] Beekes takes the Greek word to be Pre-Greek.[11] The same Latin word survives as ceteră, inherited, and was borrowed again through German as țiteră: the DA and Wiktionary call them doublets of this word.[7][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELR and Tiktin date the first record to 1785.[2][5] The Lexicon de la Buda of 1825, MDA2's first record, gives chitară or citară with Latin cithara and German Cither.[12][3]

Semantic evolution

The DA describes the guitar as an instrument of six strings, like a violin but larger, played by plucking or striking the strings with the fingers.[7] In the 19th century the French form ghitară competed with the Italian one;[13] Eminescu and Sadoveanu wrote ghitara.[13] The plural is chitare, with an older chitări in Ispirescu.[7][13]

The player is a chitarist, recorded from 1832 and taken from Italian chitarrista, with the variants citarist and ghitarist; the feminine chitaristă appears in 1871.[2] The modern chitară electrică is the electric guitar.[4][3]

Timeline

  • 1785 – the first record.[2][5]
  • 1825 – chitară or citară in the Lexicon de la Buda.[12]
  • 1832 – chitarist “guitarist”.[2]
  • 1871 – the feminine chitaristă, in the Latinized form citaristă.[2]
  • 1886 – Barcianu's dictionary gives chitară and chitarist with German glosses.[14]

Meanings

Noun

  1. guitar: a musical instrument with strings, usually six, played by plucking or striking them with the fingers.[4][3][1]
  2. chitară electrică: an electric guitar, whose sound is picked up and amplified.[4]

Word family

  • chitarist

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. chitară
  3. ^ a b c d Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 388
  4. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 180
  5. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. chitară
  6. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. chitară
  7. ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. chitară
  8. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1, 274
  9. ^ Cortelazzo, Manlio; Zolli, Paolo (1999), Dizionario etimologico della lingua italiana, 2nd ed. by Manlio Cortelazzo and Michele A. Cortelazzo, Bologna: Zanichelli
  10. ^ Nocentini, Alberto; Parenti, Alessandro (2010), l'Etimologico: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Firenze: Le Monnier
  11. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 10, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  12. ^ a b Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 117
  13. ^ a b c Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 1, 416
  14. ^ Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 102

Related etymologies

  • casă · also from Italian
  • la · also from Italian
  • fugă · also from Italian
  • vioară · also from Italian
  • abate · also from Italian
  • arie · also from Italian
  • cameră · also from Italian
  • special · also from Italian
Cite this entry

“Chitară.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/chitar%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·