Etymology and origin of the Romanian word căprioară
- Confidence
- Probable
- Formation
- Inherited
- First attested
- 1337 place name in a Transylvanian charter More words from the 14th century
- Inherited from
- Latin capreola
- Ultimate origin
- Latin caprea
Pronunciation
- [kə.pri.ˈo̯a.rə][1]
Forms
căprioară f (plural căprioare, masculine equivalent căprior)[1]
Etymology
It is inherited from Late Latin capreola, the feminine of Latin capreolus (“roe deer”).[2][3][1] DEX, MDA2 and NODEX give the Latin form as capriola.[4][5][6] Ciorănescu instead takes it as a Romanian derivative of căprior “roebuck”, and DELR and Wiktionary allow both explanations.[7][8][1] The Latin noun is formed from caprea (“roe”) and the diminutive suffix -olus.[1]
The word survives south of the Danube as Aromanian cãprioarã.[9][8] Ciorănescu notes that Aromanian has only the feminine.[7] Italian capriola continues the same Latin word but means “caper, leap”.[10][1] It belongs with capră “goat”.[8]
Earliest recorded meaning
The first record is a Transylvanian place name of 1337.[8][2] In 1536 it is a personal name, Dumitru Căprioara.[2] The Slavonic–Romanian lexicons of the 1660s use it to gloss Slavonic words for “doe”, and the 1688 Bucharest Bible has it in several books, beginning with Deuteronomy 12:15.[11][12][5]
Semantic evolution
The word names the roe deer, especially the hornless female of the roebuck, căprior.[4][13] A figurative sense is “a young, slender, graceful woman”.[5][14] Șăineanu also had the senses “small goat” and “chamois”.[15]
Timeline
- 1337 – a Transylvanian place name, the first record.[8][2]
- 1536 – the personal name Dumitru Căprioara.[2]
- c. 1660 – in a Slavonic–Romanian lexicon.[11]
- 1688 – in the Bucharest Bible, MDA2's first record.[5][12]
Meanings
Noun
- The female of the roebuck, smaller than the male and without antlers; a doe.[4][1]
- The roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), a slender ruminant of the deer family with thin legs and a short tail.[6][14]
- (figurative) A young, slim and graceful woman.[5]
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. căprioară
- ^ Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. căprioară
- ^ a b c DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 159
- ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 327
- ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. căprioară
- ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. căprior
- ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. capră
- ^ Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 57
- ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 1649
- ^ a b Ungureanu, Mădălina; Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Moruz, Alexandru (eds.), eRomLex: The First Romanian Bilingual Dictionaries (17th century), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. s.v. căprioară
- ^ a b Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a ceii vechi și a ceii noao leage, București, 1688 (ed. 1988, tricentennial edition), p. Deuteronomy 12:15
- ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 248
- ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 1, 366
- ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 102
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Căprioară.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/c%C4%83prioar%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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