Etymologically

căprioară

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word căprioară

Confidence
Probable
Formation
Inherited
First attested
1337 place name in a Transylvanian charter More words from the 14th century
Inherited from
Latin capreola
Ultimate origin
Latin caprea

Pronunciation

  • [kə.pri.ˈo̯a.rə][1]

Forms

căprioară f (plural căprioare, masculine equivalent căprior)[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Late Latin capreola, the feminine of Latin capreolus (“roe deer”).[2][3][1] DEX, MDA2 and NODEX give the Latin form as capriola.[4][5][6] Ciorănescu instead takes it as a Romanian derivative of căprior “roebuck”, and DELR and Wiktionary allow both explanations.[7][8][1] The Latin noun is formed from caprea (“roe”) and the diminutive suffix -olus.[1]

The word survives south of the Danube as Aromanian cãprioarã.[9][8] Ciorănescu notes that Aromanian has only the feminine.[7] Italian capriola continues the same Latin word but means “caper, leap”.[10][1] It belongs with capră “goat”.[8]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is a Transylvanian place name of 1337.[8][2] In 1536 it is a personal name, Dumitru Căprioara.[2] The Slavonic–Romanian lexicons of the 1660s use it to gloss Slavonic words for “doe”, and the 1688 Bucharest Bible has it in several books, beginning with Deuteronomy 12:15.[11][12][5]

Semantic evolution

The word names the roe deer, especially the hornless female of the roebuck, căprior.[4][13] A figurative sense is “a young, slender, graceful woman”.[5][14] Șăineanu also had the senses “small goat” and “chamois”.[15]

Timeline

  • 1337 – a Transylvanian place name, the first record.[8][2]
  • 1536 – the personal name Dumitru Căprioara.[2]
  • c. 1660 – in a Slavonic–Romanian lexicon.[11]
  • 1688 – in the Bucharest Bible, MDA2's first record.[5][12]

Meanings

Noun

  1. The female of the roebuck, smaller than the male and without antlers; a doe.[4][1]
  2. The roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), a slender ruminant of the deer family with thin legs and a short tail.[6][14]
  3. (figurative) A young, slim and graceful woman.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. căprioară
  3. ^ Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. căprioară
  4. ^ a b c DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 159
  5. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 327
  6. ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. căprioară
  7. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. căprior
  8. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. capră
  9. ^ Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 57
  10. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 1649
  11. ^ a b Ungureanu, Mădălina; Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Moruz, Alexandru (eds.), eRomLex: The First Romanian Bilingual Dictionaries (17th century), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. s.v. căprioară
  12. ^ a b Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a ceii vechi și a ceii noao leage, București, 1688 (ed. 1988, tricentennial edition), p. Deuteronomy 12:15
  13. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 248
  14. ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 1, 366
  15. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 102

Related etymologies

  • apă · also from Latin
  • bun · also from Latin
  • unde · also from Latin
  • veni · also from Latin
  • noi · also from Latin
  • bine · also from Latin
  • un · also from Latin
  • și · also from Latin
Cite this entry

“Căprioară.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/c%C4%83prioar%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

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