șampanie

Forms

șampanie f (plural șampanii)^[1] An older masculine form șampaniu occurs in a poem of I. Văcărescul, in a list of foreign wines.^[2][3] A regional variant is șămpanie.^[4]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French champagne, the name of the wine.^{[5][4][6][3][1]} DN adds that the French word comes from the phrase vin de Champagne, named after the wine-growing region in the east of France.^[7] In French the word is a shortening of that phrase, recorded from 1695; the name of the province goes back to Late Latin campania (“plain”), from campus (“field”).^[8]

The French word is a doublet of campagne.^[1] In Romanian, campanie continues the same Latin word.^[9]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin's first record is from 1825, in a document published in the historical section of the Academy's Annals.^[3] MDA2 gives Ion Heliade Rădulescu's translation of Byron's Don Juan (1847), where the narrator lists the things he likes: the fire, the crickets, a bottle of champagne and a chat.^[4][2]

Semantic evolution

In the 19th century the word belonged to the lists of foreign luxuries: Negruzzi writes of people who drink foreign wine at table, Tokay, Bordeaux and champagne.^[2] Macedonski's line „Șampanie la Capșa beau mulți făcând paradă” “many drink champagne at Capșa for show” ties it to Bucharest society.^[2][10]

Scriban still explains it as the sparkling wine that was first made in France and is now made everywhere.^[11] DEX 2009 adds a countable sense, a brand or sort of champagne, with the plural șampanii.^[5] Regionally, șămpanie names a plum brandy made from wine.^[4]

Timeline

• 1825 – the first record, in a document of the Academy's historical Annals.^[3]
• 1847 – șampanie in Heliade Rădulescu's translation of Don Juan.^[4][2]
• 1870 – Costinescu's dictionary explains it as a famous wine grown in Champagne.^[12]
• 1929 – Șăineanu glosses it “wine of Champagne”.^[13]

Meanings

Noun

1. champagne: a sparkling wine made by a second fermentation of white or rosé table wine in sealed bottles: Au deschis o sticlă de șampanie la miezul nopții.^[5][4]
2. A brand or sort of champagne.^[5]
3. (regional, as șămpanie) A brandy distilled from wine.^[4]

Related words

• campanie
• French champagne

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. șampanie
3. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. șampanie
4. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 1084
5. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1084
6. ^ Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. șampanie
7. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. șampanie
8. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
9. ^ Graur, Alexandru (1980), Cuvinte înrudite, București: Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, p. s.v. șampanie
10. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 4, 331
11. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1274
12. ^ Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 2, 463
13. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 562