îngrijorare

Forms

îngrijorare f (plural îngrijorări)^[1] MDA2 records a variant îngrijurare, matching the old verb form îngrijura.^[2]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian îngrijora + -re: the long infinitive of the verb, used as a noun for the action and its result.^[2][3][4][1] The verb is itself a Romanian formation, from Romanian în- + grijă + -ura.^[2][1] Tiktin derives it simply from grijă.^[5]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin's first record is from 1896, in Demetrescu's short stories: „Părea că o îngrijorare tainică coprindea pe fiecare în parte” “it seemed that a secret worry was taking hold of each of them”.^[4] MDA2 dates the noun from 1906, in Tafrali's Scene din viața dobrogeană.^[2]

Semantic evolution

The verb came first: Dionisie Eclesiarhul's chronicle, finished in 1814–1815, has the reflexive s-au îngrijurat “they grew worried”.^[5][2] The noun names both the act of worrying and the resulting state of unease, and the dictionaries of the 20th century list it with grijă, temere and neliniște as near-synonyms.^[6][3] It takes a plural for separate worries.^[6]

Timeline

• 1815 – the verb, as îngrijura, in Dionisie Eclesiarhul's chronicle.^[5]
• 1896 – the noun in Demetrescu's short stories, the first record.^[4]
• 1906 – in Tafrali's Scene din viața dobrogeană.^[2]
• 1931 – CADE defines it as the fact of worrying, unease.^[7]

Meanings

Noun

1. worry, anxiety: the state of someone who is worried; fear, unease: vestea i-a sporit îngrijorarea “the news added to her worry”.^[3][2]
2. The act of worrying or of making someone worried.^[8][6]

Related words

• îngrijora
• grijă

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1236
3. ^ a b c DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 549
4. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. îngrijorare
5. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. îngrijora
6. ^ a b c Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 641
7. ^ Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. îngrijorare
8. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. îngrijorare