Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word înfira

Confidence
Probable
Formation
Derivation
First attested
1681 Dosoftei More words from the 17th century
Ultimate origin
Latin fīlum
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin fīlum
French fil
Italian filo
Romanian fir
Romanian înfira
Spanish hilo
From the same root
Latin fīlāmentum ← fīlum
Latin fīlō ← fīlum
Italian fila ← filo
Spanish hilar ← hilo

Forms

Verb: third-person singular present înfiră, past participle înfirat; 1st conjugation.[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian în- + fir, the noun meaning “thread”.[2][3][4][5][6] Candrea and Densusianu took it from a Latin *infīlāre, comparing Italian infilare, French enfiler, Spanish enhilar and Portuguese enfiar.[7][1] fir is from Latin fīlum (“thread”).[6] The verb has a parallel Aromanian nhir.[8][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin dates the first record to Dosoftei in 1681, with the sense “to embroider with gold thread”.[5]

Semantic evolution

The main sense is to sew or embroider with metal thread; the word is used mostly in the participle, as in Negruzzi's peptarul lui înfirat “his embroidered waistcoat”.[4][5] The dictionaries also give “to thread a needle” and “to string beads”, which the DA suspects come from confusion with înșira.[4] Ciorănescu notes a variant înfiera, with the Moldavian pronunciation, used for hair or a moustache beginning to grow and in Bucovina for water beginning to boil.[6][3] Coșbuc used it for winding spun yarn.[9]

Timeline

  • 1681 – “to embroider with gold” in Dosoftei.[5]

Meanings

Verb

  1. (transitive, rare) To sew or embroider with metal thread.[2][3][1]
  2. (transitive, rare) To wind spun yarn.[2][3]
  3. (rare) To thread a needle; to string beads.[3][10]
  • fir
  • înșira
  • Aromanian nhir

References

  1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 546
  3. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1227
  4. ^ a b c Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. înfira
  5. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. înfirá
  6. ^ a b c Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. fir
  7. ^ Candrea, I.-A.; Densusianu, Ov. (1907–1914), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române: elementele latine (A–Putea), București
  8. ^ Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 734
  9. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 628
  10. ^ Bulgăr, Gheorghe; Constantinescu-Dobridor, Gheorghe (2002), Dicționar de arhaisme și regionalisme, 2 vols., București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. înfira

Related etymologies

  • bun · also from Latin
  • unde · also from Latin
  • veni · also from Latin
  • noi · also from Latin
  • bine · also from Latin
  • un · also from Latin
  • și · also from Latin
  • sta · also from Latin
Cite this entry

“Înfira.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/%C3%AEnfira. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·