Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word descalçar
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Inherited
- First attested
- 1200s Cantigas de Santa Maria More words from the 13th century
- Inherited from
- Latin discalceo
- Ultimate origin
- Latin calceus
Pronunciation
Forms
descalçar (first-person singular present descalço, first-person singular preterite descalcei, past participle descalçado)[1]
Etymology
It is inherited from Late Latin discalceō (“to take the shoes off”), written Old Galician-Portuguese descalçar in the oldest texts.[2][3][1] The Latin verb is formed from dis- and calceō (“to put shoes on”), from calceus (“shoe”).[1][4] Vieira, Figueiredo, Silva Bastos and Michaelis analyse the verb instead as des- + calçar, and the first edition of Aurélio did the same.[5][6][7][8][9]
The same Latin verb is Galician descalzar, Spanish descalzar, French déchausser, Italian discalzare and Romanian descălța.[1][10] In Spanish the verb is recorded from 1328–1335.[11]
Earliest recorded meaning
The Cantigas de Santa Maria tell of a woman who could neither put on nor take off the shoe her lover had given her: non podo a çapata... meter no pee nen descalça-la “she could not put the shoe on her foot nor take it off”.[12] The Crónica Troiana has nunca se descalçarõ “they never took off their shoes”.[12]
Semantic evolution
Barbosa (1611) and Pereira (1697) render the verb with Latin words for taking off shoes, and Morais (1813) records the reflexive descalçar-se “to take off one's own shoes”.[13][14][15] The old Caldas Aulete and Figueiredo add the senses “to remove the wedge from”, “to take up the paving of a street” and figuratively “to leave someone without help”.[16][6] In the south of Brazil the verb also means to release someone who was held under control.[17] In Portuguese vineyards videiras descalçadas are vines whose trunks have lost the earth around them.[18]
Timeline
- 13th century – first records.[2][19]
- 1611 – Barbosa lists Descalçar.[13]
- 1697 – Pereira lists Descalçar.[14]
- 1734 – Feijó gives the spelling of descalçar and descalço.[20]
- 1813 – Morais records the reflexive descalçar-se.[15]
- 1899 – Figueiredo records descalçar a bota “to overcome a difficulty”.[6]
Meanings
Verb
- To take off (something worn on the feet, hands or legs): shoes, boots, stockings, gloves.[2][3][21][1]
- To take the shoes or gloves off (someone); (reflexive) to take off one's own shoes.[2][8][1]
- To remove the wedge or chock from (a wheel or a piece of furniture).[2][3][21]
- (figurative) To deprive of help or support; to leave defenceless.[2][3][21]
- To take up the paving stones of (a street or road); to unpave (desempedrar).[2][3][22]
Related words
Usage notes
The informal descalçar a bota “to take off the boot” means to get out of a difficult situation.[6][22][8] The verb has two past participles, descalçado and descalço.[9]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ a b c d e Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. calceo
- ^ Vieira, Frei Domingos (1871–1874), Grande Diccionario Portuguez ou Thesouro da lingua portugueza, 5 vols., Porto: Ernesto Chardron e Bartholomeu H. de Moraes, p. 2, 818
- ^ a b c d Figueiredo, Cândido de (1899), Novo diccionário da língua portuguesa, 1st ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Tavares Cardoso & Irmão, p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ Silva Bastos, José Timóteo da (1912), Diccionario etymologico, prosodico e orthographico da lingua portugueza, Lisboa: Parceria António Maria Pereira, p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ a b c Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ a b Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda (1975), Novo dicionário da língua portuguesa, 1st ed., Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, p. 467
- ^ Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. descalzar
- ^ Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. calzar
- ^ a b Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ a b Barbosa, Agostinho (1611), Dictionarium lusitanicolatinum, Braga: Fructuoso Lourenço de Basto (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ a b Pereira, Bento (1697), Thesouro da lingoa portuguesa, in the 1697 edition of his Prosodia (1st ed. 1647; CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 1, 555
- ^ Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ Schlee, Aldyr Garcia (2019), Dicionário da Cultura Pampeana Sul-Rio-Grandense, 2 vols., Pelotas: Fructos do Paiz, p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ Instituto da Lingua Galega, Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (TLPGP), Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/tesouro, p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. calça
- ^ Feijó, João de Morais Madureira (1734), Orthographia, ou Arte de escrever, e pronunciar com acerto a lingua portugueza, Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ a b c Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. descalçar
- ^ a b Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 2867
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Descalçar.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/descal%C3%A7ar. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.
Last edited on . ·