Latin words first recorded in the 3rd century BC

It is from Latin dē- + quatiō (“to shake”). De Vaan traces quatiō to Proto-Italic *kwat-i-; he compares Germanic verbs for "shake" such as Old High German scutten, but thinks the root may not be…

It is from Latin dē- + decorō (“to adorn, honour”), while Georges derives it from dēdecus (“disgrace”), and the TLL compares both. The verb ⟨decorāre⟩ is from decus (“honour, dignity”), which de…

It is from Latin dē- (“down from, away”) + decus (“honour, dignity”). De Vaan lists it with decus among the derivatives of decet (“it is fitting”), from Proto-Italic *dek-ē- (“fits, is right”) and…

It is from Latin dē- + discō (“to learn”). De Vaan reconstructs discō as Proto-Italic *dikske/o-, from a reduplicated iterative Proto-Indo-European *di-dḱ-sḱ-e/o- (“to take, accept”), that is, to…

It is from Latin dē- + errō (“to wander, stray”). De Vaan reconstructs the simple verb as Proto-Italic *ers-āje-, a denominative verb made to a noun Proto-Indo-European *h₁ers-o/h₂- (“erring…

It is formed from Latin dē- + faex (“dregs”), with the verbal suffix ⟨-ō⟩. Plautus also has the form dēficō. Its past participle dēfaecātus is the source of English defecate.

It is from Latin dē- + fatīgō (“to tire”). De Vaan bases fatīgō and its family on a noun Proto-Italic *fati- (“exhaustion”), preserved in affatim; Dunkel explains the verb as a compound of that noun…

It is a frequentative verb, from Latin dēfendō (“to ward off, defend”), formed with the suffix -tō. De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of -fendō, an inherited verb kept only in compounds, which…

It is the perfect participle from Latin dēfetīscor (“to grow weary”), used as an adjective. De Vaan thinks the participle is the older form: from *dē-fat-to- the vowel was regularly reduced, and the…

It is from Latin dē- + fatīscor (“to grow weary”). De Vaan thinks the compound came first and fatīscor was built on it; both go back to a noun Proto-Italic *fati- (“exhaustion”). The ⟨e⟩ is…

It is from Latin dē- + fleō (“to weep”). De Vaan traces ⟨fleō⟩ to Proto-Italic *flē- and Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“to bleat, cry”), cognate with Latvian blêt (“to bleat”) and Old English blætan…

It is from Latin dē- (“down”) + fodiō (“to dig”). De Vaan traces fodiō to Proto-Italic *foþ-i- and Proto-Indo-European *bʰodʰ-i- (“to poke, dig”). Cognate with Hittite padda- (“to dig”) and…

It is from Latin dē- (“thoroughly”) + fraudō (“to cheat”), and that verb is made from fraus (“deceit, fraud”). De Vaan reconstructs that noun as Proto-Italic *frawV- and, uncertainly…

It is from Latin dē- (“away”) + fugiō (“to flee”). De Vaan traces fugiō to Proto-Italic *fug-i- and Proto-Indo-European *bʰug- (“to flee”), cognate with Ancient Greek φεύγω (pheúgō, “to flee”).

It is from Latin dē- + agō (“to drive, do”), contracted. The grammarian Priscian explained ⟨dēgō⟩ as a syncope made for the sake of euphony. The verb agō goes back to Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-e/o-…

It is formed from Latin dē (“from”) + hinc (“from here”). Wiktionary explains the form as a joining of the two with loss of the particle ⟨-ce⟩.

It is from Latin dē- + hortor (“to urge, encourage”). De Vaan explains the simple verb as a frequentative of horior (“to urge”), from a participle ⟨*hortus⟩ or by syncope of ⟨horitāre⟩, and traces…

It is from Latin dē- + lēniō (“to soothe”); the TLL relates it to lēnis (“soft, gentle”), comparing lēna and lēnō. De Vaan traces that adjective to Proto-Indo-European *leh1-n(o/i)- (“lazy, slow”)…

Its origin is uncertain; the OLD calls it doubtful. Wiktionary, judging from the meaning, derives it from the root of dēliciae (“delight, pleasure”) with the suffix -ātus, and Lewis and Short also…

It is formed from Latin dē- + laciō (“to entice, draw”) + -ia. De Vaan traces ⟨laciō⟩, known only in compounds and a gloss, to Proto-Italic *lak-i- (“to draw, pull”); he doubts the link with laqueus…

It is from Latin dēlinquō (“to fall short, offend”), its neuter past participle, used as a noun. The verb is dē- and linquō (“to leave”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *linkʷe/o- and the…

It is from Latin dē- + linquō (“to leave”). De Vaan derives ⟨linquō⟩ from the nasal present Proto-Indo-European *li-n-kʷ- (“to leave”), cognate with Sanskrit रिणक्ति (riṇákti, “leaves”), Ancient…

It is from Latin dē- + latēscō (“to hide”), the inchoative of lateō (“to lie hidden”). De Vaan lists it under lateō, a stative verb from Proto-Indo-European *lh₂-to- (“hidden”), and compares Ancient…

It seems to be formed from Latin dēluō (“to wash off”) + -brum, a place of cleansing. The TLL calls the origin uncertain, and besides this compares lūstrum. De Vaan lists it among the compounds of…

It is from Latin dē- + lūdō (“to play”). De Vaan traces lūdō to Proto-Italic *loid-e/o- (“to play”) and Proto-Indo-European *loid- (“to let go frequently, play”). Cognate with Lithuanian léisti (“to…

It is formed from Latin dēmēns (“out of one's mind”) + -ia; the adjective is dē- (“away from”) and mēns (“mind”). De Vaan derives ⟨mēns⟩ from Proto-Italic *mn̥ti- and Proto-Indo-European *mn-ti-…

It is from Latin dē- + mereō (“to earn, deserve”). De Vaan lists ⟨dēmerēre⟩ “to earn, oblige”, attested from Plautus, among the derivatives of the simple verb, which he traces with a question mark…

It is from Latin dē- + minuō (“to lessen”). De Vaan traces minuō to Proto-Italic *minu-je/o- (“to lessen”), from a nasal present Proto-Indo-European *mi-n(e)-h₁- (“to make less”), the source also of…

It is from Latin dē- + mīror (“to wonder at”). That verb is derived from mīrus (“wonderful”), which goes back to Proto-Italic *smeiro-. The usual connection with Proto-Indo-European *smei- (“to…

It is from Latin dē- + moror (“to delay”). moror belongs to mora (“delay”), either as a verb made from that noun or as an old iterative; de Vaan traces mora to Proto-Italic *morH-ā- (“delay”) and…

It is the distributive from Latin decem (“ten”). De Vaan suggests ⟨*deksno-⟩, with a suffix taken over from the lower numerals, and traces decem to Proto-Italic *dekm and Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥…

It is from Latin dēns (“tooth”) + -ātus. De Vaan traces the noun to Proto-Italic *dent- and Proto-Indo-European *h₃d-nt- (“tooth”).

It is from Latin dē- + numerō (“to count”). De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of numerus (“number”), which he traces to Proto-Italic *nomeso- and, through a thematized s-stem, to…

It is from Latin dē (“from”) + novus (“new”), from the phrase ⟨*dē novōd⟩, which does not itself occur. De Vaan traces novus to Proto-Italic *nowo- and Proto-Indo-European *neuo- (“new, young”)…

It is from Latin dē- + vorsum (“turned, towards”), with ⟨vorsum⟩ the older form of versum. The ⟨v⟩ was lost and the first vowel shortened in hiatus. De Vaan derives dē from a particle…

It is from Latin dē- + pendō (“to weigh, pay”). De Vaan traces pendō to Proto-Italic *pend-e/o- (“to hang, weigh”) and Proto-Indo-European *(s)pend-e/o- (“to spin”). Lewis & Short note that it…

It is from Latin dē- + pereō (“to perish”). pereō is a compound of eō (“to go”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *ei- (“to go”) and Proto-Indo-European *h₁ei- (“to go”). Paulus' epitome of…

It is formed from Latin dē- + pingō (“to paint”). De Vaan traces pingō through Proto-Italic *ping-e/o- to Proto-Indo-European *pi-n-ḱ- (“to paint, adorn”).

It is formed from Latin dē- (“down, away”) + portō (“to carry”). De Vaan takes ⟨portō⟩ as probably a verb made from a noun ⟨*porto-⟩ “passage, crossing”, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥to-…

It is from Latin dēprecor (“to beg the removal of; plead”) + -tiō. dēprecor is a compound of dē- and precor (“to pray”), made from prex (“prayer”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *prek- and…

It is from Latin dē- + prōmō (“to bring out”). De Vaan lists prōmō among the compounds of emō in its old sense “to take”, which he traces to Proto-Italic *eme/o- and Proto-Indo-European *h₁em-e/o-…

It is from Latin dē- + relinquō (“to leave behind”). That verb is a compound of re- and linquō (“to leave”), whose forms de Vaan regards as inherited, from a present Proto-Indo-European *li-n-kʷ-…

It is formed from Latin dē- (“down”) + rīdeō (“to laugh”). De Vaan finds no good Indo-European etymology for ⟨rīdeō⟩ and calls the old link with Sanskrit व्रीडते (vrīḍate, “is shy”) gratuitous in…

It is from Latin dērīdiculus (“very laughable”), its neuter used as a noun. That adjective is formed from dērīdeō (“to laugh at, mock”), a compound of dē- and rīdeō (“to laugh”); de Vaan finds no…

It is from Latin dē- (“down, away”) + rapiō (“to seize”), with the vowel weakened in the compound. De Vaan traces rapiō to Proto-Italic *rap-i- (“to seize”) and Proto-Indo-European *h₁rp- (“to…

It is from Latin dērīdeō (“to laugh at, mock”) + -tor, an agent noun. De Vaan dates dērīdeō from Plautus and finds no good Indo-European etymology for its base rīdeō (“to laugh”): he calls the old…

It is formed from Latin dē- + rīvus (“stream”) + -ō, the verbal suffix. De Vaan traces rīvus to Proto-Italic *rīwo- (“stream”) and Proto-Indo-European *h₃riH-uo- (“whirling”). Cognate with Sanskrit…

It is formed from Latin dē- (“down”) + scandō (“to climb”). De Vaan derives scandō from Proto-Italic *skand-e/o- (“to ascend”), from Proto-Indo-European *skend- (“to jump up, ascend”), cognate with…

It is from Latin dē- + saliō (“to jump”). De Vaan derives ⟨saliō⟩ from Proto-Italic *sal-je- and Proto-Indo-European *sh₂l-ie/o- (“to jump”), cognate with Ancient Greek ἅλλομαι (hállomai, “to jump”)…

It is from Latin dē- + sapiō (“to be wise”). De Vaan traces sapiō to Proto-Italic *sap-i- and Proto-Indo-European *sh₁p-i- (“to notice”). Cognate with Oscan sipus (“knowing”).

It is from Latin dē- + spoliō (“to strip, rob”); the TLL derives it from dē- and spolium (“spoil, booty”) or that verb.

It is formed from Latin dē- + statuō (“to set up, place”). The verb ⟨statuō⟩ belongs to stō (“to stand”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”).

It is formed from Latin dē- + sum (“to be”). De Vaan traces sum to Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”).

It is from Latin dē- + tegō (“to cover”). De Vaan traces tegō to Proto-Italic *teg-e/o- (“to cover”) and Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-e/o- (“to cover”). Cognate with Ancient Greek στέγω (stégō, “to…

It is a comparative from Latin dē (“down from”), like exterior and inferior, Lewis and Short assume an unused positive ⟨*dēter⟩, “low”. Köbler compares the particle Proto-Indo-European *de-.

It is formed from Latin dē- (“away”) + terreō (“to frighten”). De Vaan traces ⟨terreō⟩ to Proto-Italic *troseje- (“to scare”) and Proto-Indo-European *tros-éye- (“to make scared”); it is cognate…

It is from Latin dē- + tondeō (“to shear”). De Vaan derives the simple verb from Proto-Italic *tond-eje- and Proto-Indo-European *tond-eie- (“to shear”), and compares Ancient Greek τένδω (téndō, “to…

It is from Latin dē- (“down, away”) + trūdō (“to thrust”). De Vaan traces trūdō to Proto-Italic *treude/o- and Proto-Indo-European *treud- (“to push, thrust”).

It is from Latin dē- + turbō (“to disturb, throw into confusion”). turbō is made from turba (“turmoil, crowd”), whose origin de Vaan finds uncertain: he doubts the link with Sanskrit त्वरते…

It is from Latin dē- (“down, away”) + vehō (“to carry”). De Vaan traces vehō to Proto-Italic *weχ-e/o- and Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ-e/o- (“to carry”).