Latin words first recorded in the 1st century BC

It is from Latin sub- (“under”) + rēpō (“to creep”), with assimilation of the prefix. De Vaan traces rēpō to Proto-Italic *rēp-e/o- and Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁p- (“to creep”), cognate with…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek συμφωνία (sumphōnía, “agreement of sounds, harmony”). Köbler connects that word with Ancient Greek σύμφωνος (súmphōnos, “sounding together”), from ⟨σύν⟩ “together”.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek συμφωνιακός (sumphōniakós, “musical”), and belongs with the Latin noun symphōnia.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek συγγραφή (sungraphḗ, “written contract”), from συγγράφω (sungráphō, “to write down”), made from σύν (sún, “together”) and γράφω (gráphō, “to write”).

It is from Latin tabella (“small tablet; letter; voting tablet”) + -ārius. De Vaan derives tabella from tabula (“board”), whose origin he calls uncertain: perhaps Proto-Italic *taþlā-, a root…

It is from Latin taberna (“hut, booth”) + -culum. Festus explained that tents were named from their likeness to tabernae (“booths”), which were once built of planks.

It is from Latin taberna (“booth, shop, inn”) + -ārius. De Vaan explains ⟨taberna⟩ as ⟨*trab-erna⟩, from trabs “beam”, with dissimilation, originally “wooden shed”.

It is from Latin tabula (“board, writing tablet”) + -ārium, “a place for tablets”.

It is from Latin tālāris (“of the ankles, reaching to the ankles”), whose neuter plural is used as a noun. The adjective is formed from tālus (“ankle”).

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek Τάνταλος (Tántalos). The origin of the Greek name is unclear: Beekes rejects a connection with the root of τάλας (tálas, “enduring, wretched”), and finds an…

It is from Latin tantum (“so much; only”) + modo (“only”). The adverb modo is a derivative of modus (“measure”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *medo- (“measure, judgement”) and…

It is from Latin tardus (“slow”) + -tās. De Vaan finds no etymology for tardus: he calls Walde and Hofmann's comparison with Ancient Greek τέρυ (téru, “weak”) and Sanskrit तरुण (táruṇa-, “young…

It is from Latin taxō (“to assess, value”) + -tiō.

It is from Latin tegō (“to cover”), its participle, used as an adjective. De Vaan traces tegō to Proto-Italic *teg-e/o- (“to cover”), with a participle *tekto- (“covered”), and to…

It is from Latin tegō (“to cover”) + -ula, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“to cover”).

It is from Latin tegō (“to cover”) + -mentum. De Vaan traces tegō to Proto-Italic *teg-e/o- (“to cover”) and Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-e/o- (“to cover”), cognate with Ancient Greek στέγω (stégō…

It is from Latin temperō (“to blend, moderate”) + -mentum. De Vaan explains temperō as a verb Proto-Italic *tempes-āje- built on tempus, from Proto-Italic *tempos- (“stretch, measure”) and…

It is from Latin temperō (“to mix in due proportion, moderate”) + -tiō. De Vaan derives ⟨temperō⟩ from tempus, an ⟨s⟩-stem ⟨*temp-os⟩ “stretch”.

It is from Latin temperō (“to moderate, mix in due proportion”), its past participle, used as an adjective. De Vaan derives temperō from Proto-Italic *tempes-āi̯e-, a verb built on tempus (“time”)…

It is from Latin temptō (“to handle, test, try”) + -tiō.

It is formed from Latin tenāx + -tās, the quality of being tenāx (“holding fast”). The adjective comes from teneō (“to hold”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *t(e)nē- and Proto-Indo-European…

It is from Latin tergiversor (“to turn one's back, hang back”) + -tiō. De Vaan lists that verb, from Sisenna on, among the derivatives of tergum (“back”), whose own origin he considers unclear.

It is a compound from Latin tergum (“back”) + versō (“to turn”), “to turn one's back”. De Vaan finds the origin of tergum unclear.

It is from Latin terminō (“to bound, end”) + -tiō, from terminus “boundary”.

It is from Latin terminus (“boundary, limit, end”) + -ō, the verb suffix.

It is from Latin testāmentum (“will”) + -ārius. Köbler traces it further to testis (“witness”).

Used as an adjective, it is the participle from Latin testor (“to call to witness, bear witness”). De Vaan thinks the verb was derived directly from testis (“witness”), which he reconstructs as…

It is from Latin testificor (“to bear witness”) + -tiō. testificor is formed from testis (“witness”) and faciō (“to make”).

It is from Latin testis (“witness”) + faciō (“to make”), through ⟨-ficus⟩, with -or. De Vaan explains ⟨testis⟩ from ⟨*tri-sth₂-i-⟩ “standing by as third”, cognate with Oscan ⟨trstus⟩ “witnesses”.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek τετράρχης (tetrárkhēs, “ruler of a fourth part”). Köbler explains the Greek word from τετρα- (tetra-, “four”) and ἄρχω (árkhō, “to rule”).

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek θάλαμος (thálamos, “inner room, bedroom”), especially in its Homeric use. Etymonline relates the Greek word to θαλάμη (thalámē, “den, lair”) and θόλος (thólos…

It is from Latin theātrum (“theatre”) + -ālis.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek θεωρία (theōría, “a looking at, contemplation, speculation”). Köbler connects the Greek noun with θεωρός (theōrós, “spectator, witness”) and θέα (théa, “a looking…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek θίασος (thíasos, “Bacchic revel; religious guild”). The further origin of the Greek word is unclear.

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek θύρσος (thúrsos, “plant stalk, Bacchic staff”). Köbler, after Frisk, calls the Greek word a loanword of unknown origin, and Etymonline reports that it is considered…

It is from Latin tinniō (“to ring, jingle”) + -tus, an abstract noun of the fourth declension. The verb tinniō is onomatopoeic.

The origin is unknown. Köbler, after Walde and Hofmann, takes it as probably borrowed from Ancient Greek *τείρων (*teírōn), an unattested form. Wiktionary reports Ostler's suggestion of an…

It is from Latin Titus + -ius, from the praenomen Titus. Köbler calls its origin unclear. As with other Roman family names, the adjective names things belonging to or named after a member of the…

The origin is uncertain. It is possibly borrowed from Etruscan. Lewis and Short connected it with the root of Ancient Greek τιμάω (timáō, “to honour”), an old guess.

It is from Latin tolerāns (“enduring”) + -ia, formed on the present participle of tolerō (“to support, endure”). De Vaan lists that verb among the derivatives of tollō (“to lift, raise”), which goes…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek τόρευμα (tóreuma, “work in relief”).

It is a verb formed from Latin tornus (“lathe”), which is from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos, “lathe, compasses”). Georges and Saalfeld compare the Greek verb Ancient Greek τορνεύω (torneúō, “to turn…

It is from Latin torqueō (“to twist; to torture”) + -tor. De Vaan traces torqueō to Proto-Italic *torkʷ-eje- (“to twist”) and the causative Proto-Indo-European *torkʷ-eye- (“to twist”). Wiktionary…

It is from Latin tractō (“to handle”) + -bilis. De Vaan explains tractō as derived from tractus, the past participle of trahō (“to draw, drag”), which he traces to Proto-Italic *traχe/o-.

It is from Latin tractō (“to handle”) + -tiō. De Vaan explains tractō as derived from tractus, the past participle of trahō (“to draw, drag”), which he traces to Proto-Italic *traχe/o-. Its closest…

It is from Latin tractō (“to handle, treat”) + -tus, the suffix of action nouns. ⟨Tractō⟩ is the frequentative of trahō “to draw”.

It is a noun of agent from Latin trānsfugiō (“to desert to the enemy”), from trāns- and fugiō (“to flee”). The verb fugiō goes back to Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to flee”).

It is from Latin trānsfundō + -tiō, from the verb meaning “to pour from one vessel into another”. The verb is formed with trāns- on fundō (“to pour”), which goes back to Proto-Italic *χund- and…

It is formed from Latin trāns- (“across, beyond”) + gradior (“to step, walk”). ⟨gradior⟩ goes back to Proto-Italic *grad-(e)i- and Proto-Indo-European *g(h)rd(h)-(e)i-, cognate with Old Irish…

It is from Latin trānsgredior + -tiō, from the verb meaning “to step across”. The verb is formed with trāns- on gradior (“to step”), which goes back to Proto-Italic *grad-(e)i- and…

It is from Latin trānseō (“to go across”) + -itus.

It is from Latin trānsmittō (“to send across”) + -tiō.

It is from Latin trans- + porto (“to carry”).

It is from Latin trāns (“across”) + -trum, the instrumental suffix.

It is from Latin trāns- (“across, through”) + verberō (“to beat, strike”). De Vaan lists the simple verb among the derivatives of verbera (“twigs for flogging, lashes”), which he traces to…

It is from Latin trecentī (“three hundred”) + -iēns. Köbler refers it to trēs (“three”) and centum (“hundred”).

It is from Latin triangulus (“three-cornered, triangular”), the neuter of the adjective used as a noun. The adjective is formed from tri- (“three”) and angulus (“corner, angle”).

It is formed from Latin tribūnus (“tribune”) + -al, as if the neuter of an adjective ⟨*tribūnālis⟩. ⟨Tribūnus⟩ is from tribus (“tribe”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *triþu- (“tripartite…

It is formed from Latin tribūnus (“tribune”) + -ātus. ⟨Tribūnus⟩ comes from tribus (“tribe”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *triþu- (“tripartite entity”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European…

It is formed from Latin tribūnus (“tribune”) + -icius. ⟨Tribūnus⟩ is from tribus (“tribe”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *triþu- (“tripartite entity”).