secludo

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [seːˈkɫuː.doː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [seˈkluː.do]^[1]

Forms

sēclūdō (present infinitive sēclūdere, perfect active sēclūsī, supine sēclūsum); third conjugation^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin sē- + claudō (“to shut”).^[2][1] De Vaan traces ⟨claudō⟩ to Proto-Italic *klaud-e/o-, from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u-d- (“to shut”).^[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citations are Varro, and Gaffiot cites his Rēs rūsticae for shutting apart.^[2][4] Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^[5]

Semantic evolution

It meant to shut off, separate by a barrier, keep at a distance, and to confine in a separate place, shut up apart, as in Varro and Cicero, and Lewis & Short call it rare but classical.^[2][6][4]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to exclude, shut away, seclude.^[7] English seclude (mid-15th century) is from it.^[8]

Timeline

• 116–27 BC – Varro uses it.^[2][5]
• 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of separating.^[4][5]
• mid-15th century – English seclude is recorded.^[8]

Meanings

Verb

1. To shut off, separate.^[2][6]
2. To shut up apart, seclude.^[2][7]

Word family

• sēclūsōrium

Related words

• claudō
• exclūdō
• interclūdō
• English seclude

Usage notes

Lewis & Short give sēcernō as a synonym.^[6]

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
4. ^ a b c Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
5. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ a b c Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
7. ^ a b Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
8. ^ a b Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com