panarius

Forms

pānārius m (genitive pānāriī or pānārī); second declension^[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Latin pānis (“bread”) + -ārius.^[1][2][3] Pānis goes back to Proto-Italic *pā̆st-ni- (“loaf, cake”).^[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler records it first in inscriptions.^[3] The TLL quotes an epitaph on a baker's wife's tomb built in the likeness of a bread-basket: corporis reliquiae quod superant sunt in hoc panario, “what remains of her body is in this basket”.^[2]

Semantic evolution

The TLL treats it with the neuter pānārium, used only as a noun for a basket or store for bread;^[2] Varro explains pānārium as the place where bread was kept.^[4][2] Köbler gives the masculine the sense “bread-basket” too,^[3] and the basket sense lives on in Italian panaro, French panier, Catalan paner and Spanish panero.^[2]

The glossaries give it as a person, a seller of bread, translating Greek ἀρτοπώλης (artopṓlēs);^[5][6] Köbler has a Medieval Latin panarius “baker”.^[3] The DMLBS has it as an adjective, “for the storage of bread”, from Late Latin.^[7]

Timeline

• 1552 – A Cambridge statute speaks of a cella panaria, a room for keeping bread.^[7]

Meanings

Noun

1. A bread seller; a baker.^[5][6][3]
2. A basket for bread.^[3][2]

Adjective

1. (Late Latin, Medieval Latin) Of or for the storage of bread.^[7]

Related words

• panis

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
3. ^ a b c d e f Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
4. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
5. ^ a b Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
6. ^ a b Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
7. ^ a b c Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press