antevenio

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [an.tɛˈwɛ.ni.oː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [an.teˈvɛː.ni.o]^[1]

Forms

anteveniō (present infinitive antevenīre, perfect active antevēnī, supine anteventum); fourth conjugation, impersonal in the passive^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin ante- (“before”) + veniō (“to come”).^[2][1] De Vaan traces ⟨veniō⟩ to Proto-Italic *gʷn̥-je/o- (“to come”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥-ye/o- (“to come”).^[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, in all three of its senses.^[2] Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^[4]

Semantic evolution

It meant to get in front of, arrive first; to act before, forestall, anticipate; and to surpass, get ahead of, all already in Plautus.^[2] Gaffiot cites it in Virgil and Livy.^[5] It survives in Spanish antevenir.^[1]

Timeline

• c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^[2][4]
• 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it.^[5][4]

Meanings

Verb

1. To get in front of, arrive first.^[2]
2. To act before, forestall, anticipate.^[2]
3. To be better than, surpass.^[2]

Related words

• adveniō
• circumveniō
• contrāveniō
• conveniō
• dēveniō
• ēveniō
• interveniō
• inveniō
• obveniō
• perveniō
• veniō

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
4. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ a b Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.