proveni

Forms

proveni (present provin, third-person singular provine, past participle provenit), 4th conjugation^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French provenir, conjugated like veni.^{[2][3][4][5][1][6]} MDA2 instead analyses it as from Romanian pro- + veni, and Graur lists it as a neologism from Latin prōveniō (“to come forth, arise”).^[7][8] The French verb was borrowed from the Latin one around 1210;^[9] the Latin verb is formed with prō- (“forward”) on veniō (“to come”).^[9]

Earliest recorded meaning

The DLR's earliest dated quotation is from a periodical of 1848: „De aici provine o mare simplitate de judecată” “from this comes a great simplicity of judgement”.^[3] MDA2's first record is Nicolae Bălcescu's history of Michael the Brave in the edition of 1878.^[7]

Semantic evolution

The verb has kept the French sense “to come from, originate in” and its extension “to result from”.^[2][7] Pontbriant's dictionary (1862) explains it with French provenir, émaner de “to emanate from” and sortir de “to come out of”, and Damé (1893–1895) still marks it as a neologism.^[10][6]

Timeline

• 1848 – provine in a periodical quoted by the DLR.^[3]
• 1862 – Pontbriant's Romanian–French dictionary.^[10]
• 1878 – Bălcescu's history of Michael the Brave, MDA2's first record.^[7]
• 1893-1895 – Damé marks it as a neologism.^[6]

Meanings

Verb

1. To come from, to originate in, to descend from (with din).^[2][7][1]
2. To result from something.^[2][7]

Related words

• veni
• French provenir

Usage notes

In Banat a homonym proveni “to come back, return”, formed from pro- and veni, is recorded in folk texts published in 1932.^[3][7]

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 890
3. ^ a b c d Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. proveni
4. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. proveni
5. ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria, p. s.v. proveni
6. ^ a b c Damé, Frédéric (1893–1895), Nouveau dictionnaire roumain-français, 4 vols., Bucarest: Imprimerie de l'État, p. s.v. proveni
7. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 579
8. ^ Graur, Alexandru (1980), Cuvinte înrudite, București: Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, p. 103
9. ^ a b Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
10. ^ a b Pontbriant, Raoul de (1862), Dictiunaru romano-francesu, Bucuresci: A. Ulrich / Göttingen: Dieterich, p. 594