Italian words first recorded in the 13th century

It is a Germanic word, but the route by which it came into Italian is disputed. Most dictionaries say that it is borrowed from Old Occitan guidar; Sabatini–Coletti, Treccani, DEI, Devoto and…

It is from Italian immediato + -mente. The adjective is a learned word, from Late Latin immediātus (“not mediated”), which Boethius coined in the 6th century to translate Ancient Greek ἄμεσος…

It is from Italian Italia + -ano, formed like veneziano and siciliano from the names of their places. Wiktionary derives it from Latin italiānus, but the Latin adjective is itself formed on the…

It is inherited from Latin lāna (“wool”). The word is common to the Romance languages: French laine, Occitan lana, Catalan llana, Spanish lana, Portuguese lã and Romanian lână. The Latin noun goes…

It is inherited from Latin ligāmen (“band, tie; bandage”). The Latin noun is formed from ligō (“to tie, bind”) with the suffix -men. The GDLI calls the Italian word an adaptation of the Latin one…

It is a learned borrowing, borrowed from Latin lībertus (“freedman”), from līber (“free”). DEI suggests the Latin word was formed on lībertās (“freedom”), and Devoto explains it as a cross between…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin licentiāre (“to give leave”), a verb formed from Latin licentia (“freedom, permission”). GRADIT dates the Medieval Latin verb to 1115. The TLIO explains it instead…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin līmes (“boundary; boundary path”), taken from the accusative ⟨līmitem⟩. DELI describes the Latin word's origin as uncertain. French limite (14th century)…

1. The adjective is a learned word, borrowed from Late Latin locālis (“of place”), from Latin locus (“place”). DELI notes that the Latin word belonged to the scholastic tradition, where it rendered…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin magnificus (“splendid; generous; doing great things”), a compound of magnus (“great”) and -ficus (“making, doing”), from the stem of faciō (“to make”)…

It is inherited from Old Italian meo, inherited from Latin meus (“my, mine”). The Tuscan form passed through an older mieo, which the plural “miei” still shows, as dio comes from Latin deus through…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin mīrāculum (“wonder, marvel”), from mīror (“to wonder at, be astonished”) and the suffix -culum. The Latin word, like Ancient Greek θαῦμα (thaûma), named…

It is a deverbal noun of mostrare (“to show”). The verb continues Latin mōnstrō (“to show, point out”), a derivative of mōnstrum (“portent, sign of the gods”), so that it first meant showing the…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin operātiō (“work, activity”), taken from the accusative ⟨operationem⟩. Zingarelli and the GDLI call the Latin word Late Latin. It is the action noun of…

It is borrowed from Lombardic *palla, the Lombardic word for “ball”, which matches Frankish *balla behind balla (“bale”). Migliorini, quoted by DELI, argued that words showing the High German…

It is the past participle of passare “to pass”, used as an adjective and, from the 14th century, as a noun. The verb continues Vulgar Latin *passāre, a verb formed in spoken Latin on passus (“step…

It is inherited from Late Latin peiōrō (“to make worse”), a verb formed from Latin pēior (“worse”). DEI finds the Late Latin verb in the jurist Paulus. Devoto adds that the Italian verb was…

It is the feminine of pensato, the past participle of pensare, used as a noun. GRADIT and Sabatini–Coletti describe it as a derivative of the verb with the suffix -ata. Körting compares the…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *perdita (“loss”), the feminine of Latin perditus (“lost, ruined”) used as a noun. The adjective is the past participle of perdō (“to destroy, lose”)…

It is borrowed from Latin perfectus (“completed, finished”), a learned word, the past participle of perficiō (“to carry through, complete”). The Latin verb is formed from per- (“thoroughly”) and…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin perīculum (“trial, attempt; risk, danger”). The Latin noun first meant “trial, test”, then “risk”, and finally “danger”, a shift that was probably helped by…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin pessimus (“worst, very bad”), the superlative used with malus (“bad”) beside the comparative peior (“worse”). In Italian it serves as the superlative of…

1. The verb meaning “to beat” is inherited from Vulgar Latin *pic(c)ulāre (“to tap repeatedly”), according to Nocentini, Devoto–Oli and Devoto: a diminutive or iterative of *pīccāre (“to strike with…

It is inherited from Latin pŏsita (“placed, set”), a form of the past participle of pōnō (“to put, to place”). The sources read the form in two ways: DELI, GRADIT and Sabatini–Coletti take it as a…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin praevideō (“to foresee”), made of prae- (“before”) and videō (“to see”), and conjugated like Italian vedere. Latin gave the family also previdente, from the…

It is borrowed from Latin principālis (“first, chief”), a learned word, from prīnceps (“first; chief”), the source of principe. In Late Latin “principālis” was also a noun, the head of a body of…

It is the feminine of proposto, the past participle of proporre (“to propose”), used as a noun. Wiktionary takes it from Latin prōposita, the feminine of prōpositus, past participle of prōpōnō (“to…

It is borrowed from Latin prōvocō (“to call out, challenge”), from prō- (“forth”) and vocō (“to call”), a verb formed from vōx (“voice”). DELI, DEI and Zingarelli call it a learned word. The same…

It is an Italian formation from accogliere “to gather” with the prefix ri-, meaning “gather again” or “keep gathering”; DELI also allows a form Vulgar Latin *accolligō reinforced with re-, following…

It is borrowed from Latin recēns (“fresh; new, recent”), a learned word. DEI calls it probably literary: the Latin word has popular outcomes across Romance, but not in the Italian dialects…

It is borrowed from Latin rēgula (“straight stick, ruler; rule”), a learned or semi-learned word. The Latin noun is formed from regō (“to guide straight, rule”) with a diminutive suffix. It first…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *requaerere (“to seek again; to ask for”), the popular form of classical Latin requīrō (“to seek; to ask; to require”). The Vulgar Latin verb remade the compound on…

It is from Italian ri- + cominciare (“to begin”), with the prefix of repetition. GDLI traces the prefix to Latin iterative re-. Tommaseo set beside it Latin reincipiō, recorded in a 5th-century…

It is inherited from Late Latin rīdere (“to laugh”), the form used by Christian writers from the 4th century in place of classical ⟨rīdēre⟩, moved to the third conjugation after the perfect ⟨rīsī⟩…

It is from Italian ri- + empire (“to fill”). DELI sees in the prefix both the repetitive and the intensive ri-, and the GDLI traces it to the intensive Latin re-. The base verb continues Latin…

It is a learned adaptation, borrowed from Latin referre (“to bring back; to report”), a compound of re- (“back, again”) and ferō (“to carry”). The Latin verb was moved to the Italian “-ire”…

1. The verb “to forgive” is a learned word, borrowed from Latin remittō (“to send back; to slacken; to forgive”), with the past participle remissus, from mittō (“to let go, to send”) with the prefix…

It is from Italian ri- + sparmiare, from the now archaic sparmiare (“to save, spare”). That verb is a medieval Germanic loan: from Lombardic *sparōn (“to save, spare”), a cognate of Old High German…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin respectus (“a looking back; regard, consideration”), the action noun of respiciō (“to look back, have regard for”), from re- (“back”) and speciō (“to…

It is formed from Italian ri- + trovare, with the prefix of repetition. Nocentini notes that the prefix gives both “to find something one had lost” and “to find something new after a search”, and…

It is from Italian rovina (“collapse, ruin”) + -are. Wiktionary takes it instead from Latin ruīnō (“to overthrow; to fall”), which Meyer-Lübke and Körting give as the source of the Italian, Milanese…

1. The hall is a Germanic word, but its route into Italian is debated. DELI, following Francesco Sabatini, and Sabatini–Coletti trace the sense “large room” to the Franks and later French influence…

It is inherited from Latin salūs (“health; safety, deliverance”), from the accusative salūtem. The Latin noun was used as a wish and a greeting, and was formed beside salvus (“safe, unharmed…

It is from Italian salutare (“to greet”), a noun formed from the verb without a suffix. The verb is Latin salūtō (“to greet; to pay a visit”), from salūs (“health; safety; greeting”), which also…

It is inherited from Latin sanguis (“blood”), through the accusative ⟨sanguem⟩, which replaced classical ⟨sanguinem⟩ (Wiktionary calls it Late Latin), or through the old neuter sanguen. The word is…

It is the feminine of scelto (“chosen”), the past participle of scegliere (“to choose”), used as a noun. DELI and GRADIT derive the verb from Vulgar Latin *exēligere, formed from ex- and Latin ēligō…

The origin is uncertain. The usual explanation is a inherited from Vulgar Latin *exsuccus (“without juice”), beside Late Latin exsūcus, from ex- and sūcus (“juice”). The Latin adjective is used by…

It is formed from sedere (“to sit”), most probably through the old form Old Italian sieda with metathesis of the ⟨i⟩. GDLI also allows Late Latin seda as the source. DEI compares the same shift in…

It is inherited from Latin signum (“mark, sign; standard; image; constellation”). DELI gives the Latin vowel as long, Nocentini and GRADIT as short. The word is found across the Romance languages…

It is borrowed from Latin simplex (“simple, single”), from sem- (“one”) and -plex (“-fold”). Nocentini connects the second part with plicō (“to fold”), and Sabatini–Coletti and Treccani with plectō…

It is formed from Italian semplice (“simple”) + -mente. The adjective is a learned word from Latin simplex (“single, simple”), formed with sem- (“one, once”) and the root of plicō (“to fold”), as…

It is borrowed from Latin sēnsus (“perception, feeling; meaning”), a learned word, from the past participle of sentiō (“to perceive, feel”), the source of sentire. The inherited outcomes of the…

It is formed from Italian sentire + -mento, or taken from Medieval Latin sentimentum, itself formed from Latin sentiō (“to feel, perceive”) with the suffix -mentum. DELI, Devoto–Oli and Treccani…

It is inherited from Latin somnus (“sleep”). The word is pan-Romance: French somme, Occitan som, Catalan son, Spanish sueño, Logudorese sonnu, Romanian somn and Dalmatian samno. In Piedmontese…

It is inherited from Latin sustineō (“to hold up, to support; to endure”). Battisti and Alessio call the verb pan-Romance, but not Romanian: the same word is French soutenir, Occitan sostener…

It is from Italian spazzare (“to sweep”) + -tura. The form Medieval Latin spazatura is recorded at Bologna in 1252, before the Italian word. DELI derives it from Late Latin spatiō, a variant of the…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin speciēs (“sight; outward appearance; kind”), from speciō (“to look at”). The Latin philosophers chose the word to render Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos), so…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin studium (“zeal, eagerness; study”), from studeō (“to devote oneself, strive after”). DEI notes that the word spread as a general European word of culture…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin theātrum, which is from Ancient Greek θέατρον (théatron, “place for viewing”), from θεάομαι (theáomai, “to look at, be a spectator”), from θέα (théa…

It is inherited from Latin tractāre (“to drag; to handle; to manage; to discuss”), the frequentative or intensive of trahō (“to drag, pull”), formed on its past participle tractus. Many Italian…