Italian words first recorded in the 13th century

It is a learned borrowing, borrowed from Latin distantia (“distance; difference”), formed from distāns, the present participle of distō (“to stand apart, be distant”), with the suffix -ia. DEI and…

The origin is uncertain. DELI holds that the words of this family belong together but that neither their starting point nor their relations are clear: the base is either Vulgar Latin *dŭcea, which…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin dē post (“from after”), from Latin dē (“from”) and post (“after, behind”). The older Italian forms were ⟨dopoi⟩ and ⟨dipoi⟩; the ⟨-e-⟩ became ⟨-o-⟩ before the…

It is borrowed from Latin fabrica (“craft; working; workshop”), derived from faber (“craftsman, smith”). DEI calls it a learned word; the doubled /bb/ is explained by Devoto as the influence of…

It is inherited from Latin fūmō (“to smoke, give off smoke”), a verb formed from fūmus (“smoke”), the source of fumo. The verb lived on across the Romance languages: French fumer, Occitan fumar…

It is inherited from Latin grossus (“thick, coarse”), a popular word of Latin, first recorded in the 1st century AD. Every Romance language has it, and the DÉRom reconstructs Vulgar Latin…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin idiōta (“layman; ignorant person”), from Ancient Greek ἰδιώτης (idiṓtēs, “private citizen; layman”), from ἴδιος (ídios, “one's own, private”). The Greek…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin impressio (“a pressing into; an imprint”). The Latin noun was formed from impressus, the past participle of imprimō (“to press into, stamp”), which is in-…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin līnea (“linen thread, string; line”). The Latin noun was the feminine of the adjective līneus (“of flax, linen”) used on its own for a thread of linen, from…

It is borrowed from Latin mōnstrum (“portent, prodigy”), a learned word, through the older form “monstro”. The Latin noun first named a prodigy revealing the will of the gods, and so “a thing…

1. The planet is borrowed from Late Latin planēta, from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs, “wandering, wanderer”), from πλανάω (planáō, “to wander, to stray”). The Greek verb is of uncertain origin…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin positio (“placing; situation, position”), formed from positus (“placed”), the past participle of pōnō (“to put, place”). The Latin noun appears in the…

It is borrowed from Latin spīritus (“breath; breath of life, soul; courage”), a learned word of the Church and of philosophy. The Latin noun is formed from spīrō (“to breathe, blow”) with the suffix…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin stupidus (“dazed, stunned”), from stupeō (“to be numb, to be amazed”). The Latin adjective already meant “dull-witted” as well as “stunned”. The same Latin…

It is inherited from Latin aequālis (“equal, even, level”), from aequus (“level, even, equal”), formed as sociālis from socius. The old outcome was Old Italian iguale, later made eguale to bring it…

It is borrowed from Latin violentia (“violence, impetuosity”), a learned word. The Latin noun was formed from violentus (“violent”), which Nocentini derives from vīs (“force, violence”) and DELI…

It is borrowed from Latin acceptāre (“to receive, accept”), a learned word. The Latin verb is a frequentative of accipiō (“to receive”), formed on its past participle acceptus. Nocentini and…

It is inherited from Latin pugnus (“fist; handful”). The word is panromance: French poing, Occitan ponh, Catalan puny, Spanish puño, Portuguese punho and Romanian pumn. Old Italian also had the…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *stantia (“dwelling, stay”), a noun formed from Latin stāns, the present participle of stō (“to stand, stay”). Devoto explains it as an abstract noun for a set of…

It is borrowed from Late Latin discursus (“a running to and fro”), a noun from discurrō (“to run about”), which is dis- and currō (“to run”). DEI calls it a semi-learned word and notes that in later…

It is the present participle of durare (“to last”), which has hardened, in the singular only, into a preposition. Devoto explains it from absolute phrases in which a phrase such as “durante…

1. The adjective is a learned word, borrowed from Latin fīdus (“trusty, faithful”), from fīdō (“to trust”). The Latin word continues Proto-Italic *feiþos and Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰós, from the…

It is formed from Italian finale + -mente, the adverb of finale “last, final”. The adjective comes from Late Latin fīnālis, from Latin fīnis (“end, boundary”). Tommaseo compares the adverb Late…

It is formed from Italian come + -unque, with the indefinite suffix of chiunque and qualunque, giving the sense “in whatever way”. DELI, DEI, the TLIO and the GDLI take the second part from Latin…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin cūriōsus (“careful; inquisitive”), from cūra (“care, concern”). The Latin adjective first meant “one who takes care of something”, and, from there “eager to…

According to DELI, GRADIT and Wiktionary it is inherited from Vulgar Latin *depĕndere, which took the place of Latin dēpendeō (“to hang down from; to depend on”) by a change of conjugation. The…

It is a deverbal noun from domandare, formed without a suffix. The verb continues Latin dēmandō (“to entrust, commend”), from mandō (“to entrust; to send word”) with the prefix dē-; in all the…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *plattus (“flat”), a popular adaptation of Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “broad, flat”) with an expressive double consonant. The Greek adjective is of Indo-European…

It is borrowed from Latin pilula (“little ball, pellet”), a learned word; the Latin was also spelled pillula, a diminutive of pila (“ball”). Devoto explains the ⟨ll⟩ by crossing with palla. Popular…

Its source is the plural borrowed from Arabic حَشَّاشِين (ḥaššāšīn, “hashish users”), the name the Crusaders gave to the members of the Nizari Ismaili sect led by the “Old Man of the Mountain”…

It is borrowed from Latin complētus (“filled; complete”), the past participle of compleō (“to fill up; to finish”). The inherited participle of the Latin verb is compiuto, beside compiere. The…

It is borrowed from Latin dīrigō (“to set in line; to direct, steer”), a learned word. The Latin verb is a compound of regō (“to guide, direct”) with the prefix dis-: DELI and GRADIT take it as “to…

The article and the pronoun are both inherited from Latin ille (“that”) with the first syllable lost: the article is the nominative plural ⟨illī⟩ “those”, the pronoun the dative singular ⟨illī⟩ “to…

It is inherited from Late Latin lucta (“wrestling; struggle”), from luctor (“to wrestle”). The Late Latin noun is probably a back-formation from the verb on the model of pugna (“fight”) beside pugnō…

It is inherited from Latin strictus (“tight, dense; strict”), the past participle of stringō (“to bind fast, tighten”). Nocentini explains Tuscan strinto, Sardinian istrintu and Romanian strâmt from…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin imāgō (“likeness, portrait; appearance, phantom”), taken from the accusative ⟨imaginem⟩. The Latin word spread widely in the language of the Bible and of…

It is borrowed from Latin novitās (“newness, novelty”), from novus (“new”). The older forms Old Italian novitade and novitate continue the Latin accusative novitātem, and the modern word is their…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *accadēre, which took the place of classical Latin accidere (“to happen, to fall upon”). The Vulgar Latin verb was remade on *cadēre, the form of cadere (“to fall”)…

Most dictionaries see it as borrowed from Medieval Latin adaptus (“suited”), formed from ad- and aptus (“fit, suitable”). The LEI notes that the Latin adjective is recorded in Gaul in the 7th…

It is from Italian a- + mazza (“club, mace”) + -are, a verb formed from a noun with a prefix and a suffix at once. It must first have meant to strike or kill with a club, and narrowed to the…

It continues borrowed from Latin armārium (“cupboard, chest”), first as Old Italian armario. The ⟨d⟩ arose by dissimilation of the two /r/ sounds, as in rado beside raro and old Old Italian fedire…

It is from Italian a- + rabbia + -are, a parasynthetic verb. Southern Italian arraggiare is its phonetic counterpart, from raggia, the southern form of the noun. Parallel verbs from the same noun…

It is borrowed from Latin augurium (“augury; omen”), a learned word, from augur (“augur”). Isidore of Seville explained the Latin word as if from “what the birds bring”, a folk etymology the GDLI…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *būrius (“dark red, dark-coloured”), derived from Latin burrus (“red”). The Vulgar Latin form is not recorded; the LEI, following Meyer-Lübke and Wartburg, accepts…

1. The adjective “hollow” is inherited from Latin cavus (“hollow, concave”), and the noun sense continues its neuter cavum (“hollow, hole”). The same word is Occitan cau and Catalan cau (“rabbit…

It is the feminine of chiuso (“closed”), the past participle of chiudere (“to close”), used as a noun. GDLI compares Medieval Latin clusa, recorded in 753, and the classical neuter plural Latin…

It is borrowed from Latin damnātiō (“condemnation”), from damnō (“to condemn”). Wiktionary also analyses it as dannare with the suffix -zione. The LEI explains that the Latin noun meant a legal…

It is inherited from Latin decem (“ten”). The stressed /ɛ/ became the Tuscan diphthong ⟨ie⟩, and the final ⟨-i⟩, in place of the ⟨-e⟩ of the older Old Italian diece, comes from the series undici…

It is inherited from Late Latin dē retrō (“behind”), a Late Latin phrase recorded in the Itala, the old Latin translation of the Bible, formed from dē (“from”) and retrō (“backwards, behind”). The…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin difficultās (“difficulty; scarcity”), from difficilis (“difficult”). DELI and Zingarelli analyse the Latin noun as dis- and facultās (“ability, ease”)…

It is a reduction of the phrase domani mattina “tomorrow morning”, in which the second syllable of the first word has been dropped. The GDLI and Sabatini–Coletti describe it as haplology, the loss…

It is inherited from Latin dē (“from”) and ubi (“where”), the phrase ⟨dē ubi⟩ “from where”, which took the place of the simple adverb. The simple Latin word survives as literary ove. Wiktionary…

It is borrowed from Latin excellens (“distinguished, excellent”), the present participle of excellō (“to rise above, surpass”). Zingarelli calls it a learned word, and the LEI lists it among the…

It is borrowed from Latin ex (“out of, from”). In Late Latin the preposition became a prefix in phrases whose second word was in the ablative: ex consule meant “out of the consulship”, that is, a…

It is formed from Italian facile + -mente, like other adverbs of manner. Tommaseo notes that the classical language used Latin facile, the neuter of the adjective, as the adverb, that Vitruvius has…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Late Latin phantasticus (“imaginary”), from Ancient Greek φανταστικός (phantastikós), which DELI derives from φαντασία (phantasía), the source of fantasia…

It is the past participle of finire (“to finish”), used as an adjective. In the senses “limited, not infinite” of philosophy and mathematics, and in grammar, the DEI treats it as a learned word…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *iocāre (“to joke; to play”), an active form of classical Latin iocor (“to joke, jest”), derived from iocus (“joke, jest”), which became Italian gioco. Wiktionary…

It is inherited from Latin iocus (“jest, joke”). In Latin the word meant above all a joke in words, but it later replaced Latin lūdus (“game, play”), the game in action. The GDLI calls it a…

It is formed from Italian guardare (“to look at; to guard”) + -ia, from the verb, probably with an abstract suffix. The verb is a medieval Germanic loan, from Proto-Germanic *wardōn (“to watch, be…