Hungarian words first recorded in the 14th century

Its origin is uncertain. TESz, EWUng, ÚESz and Zaicz suggest, with reservations, that it may be borrowed from Alanian *ægaš (“undiminished, whole”). The related word survives in Ossetian ӕгас (ægas…

It is a lexicalised case form: a stem of unknown origin with the lative ending -a, probably shortened from a long ⟨-á⟩. TESz and Zaicz take the stem for the same as that of viszont, and TESz also of…

1. The conjunction is a fossilised case form: the pronoun stem of hogy, hol, honnan and hány, with the lative suffix -á. It is built like hova, which developed in another direction. The stem is the…

It is the form of az without the final consonant, used before consonants, and shares its history: the demonstrative stem is inherited from Proto-Uralic *o (“that, that other”), one of the pronoun…

It is a fixed case form, from Hungarian az (“that”) + -kor (“at the time of”): the demonstrative az with the temporal suffix -kor. The double /kː/ arose by assimilation of the /z/ of the pronoun to…

It is a shortening of the adverb bele “into it”, which lost its final lative ⟨-e⟩ as el and fel did; the intermediate form ⟨bel⟩ was then shortened again. TESz calls the way it arose disputed…

Its origin is unknown. TESz rejects the Turkic derivation proposed earlier, and Bárczi thought it unlikely. Róna-Tas and Berta, however, list the word among the West Old Turkic loanwords, with a…

It is borrowed from Proto-Slavic *činjati (“to do, make”), an iterative verb that Hungarian took from a Slavic language that cannot be identified more closely. The iterative is recorded only in…

It is borrowed from Proto-Slavic *dьlgъ (“debt”), a loan from Slavic. The Slavic word meant “debt, obligation”: Serbo-Croatian dug (“debt; duty”), in Chakavian also “matter, lawsuit”, Slovene dolg…

It is from Hungarian ér (“to touch, reach”) + -t (“momentaneous suffix”). It rests on the sense “to touch” of the base, as do érdekel, érez and érint. The first sense of the derivative would have…

It is inherited from Proto-Uralic *ikä (“age, year”) (or *jikä), one of the words Hungarian inherited from the Finno-Ugric period. Its relatives are Eastern Mari i (“year”), Erzya ije (“year”)…

It is a compound from Hungarian férj (“husband”) + fiú (“boy, son”), or of the variant fi of the second part; ÚESz calls it a coordinative compound. It was probably formed before ⟨férj⟩ took on its…

It is a lexicalised case form: the interrogative pronominal stem of hogy, ha, hány, honnan and hova, with the ablative suffix -l. The stem is inherited from Proto-Uralic *ku- (“who, which, what”)…

It is probably borrowed from Bulgar *üdäγ (“time, weather”), a loan from a Chuvash-type (Oghur) Turkic language taken over before the Hungarian conquest. The Turkic word is Old Turkic öd (“time”)…

It is probably a fossilised case form formed within Hungarian. Its stem may be the demonstrative pronoun ⟨i⟩, the original variant of ez “this”; the final ⟨-n⟩ is probably the modal suffix seen in…

It is a fixed case form, from Hungarian i (“this”) + -t (“locative suffix”): the original variant ⟨i⟩ ~ ⟨ë⟩ of the demonstrative e (the base of ez) with the old locative suffix -t. The /t/ was…

It is from Hungarian jó + -l, a fixed suffixed form of the adjective jó “good” that became an adverb of manner. The adjective itself is an inherited word; ÚESz reconstructs Proto-Ugric *jomɜ or…

It is inherited from Proto-Ugric *jȣ̈ŋɜ- (“to come”) (also reconstructed as *jȣ̈γɜ- or *jȣ̈kɜ-), one of the words Hungarian inherited from the Ugric period, perhaps already from the Finno-Ugric one…

It is inherited from Proto-Uralic *kelke- (“to be necessary, must”), one of the verbs Hungarian inherited from the Finno-Ugric period. Its cognates are Komi-Zyrian kol- (“to be needed”), Udmurt…

It is formed from Hungarian ker- + -s, a frequentative suffix, as in olvas and repes. The stem is the one in kerül, kerít, kerek and kerget, which goes back to the Finno-Ugric period, to…

It is a lexicalized case form whose stem is of uncertain origin. The stem may be inherited from the Finno-Ugric period: it has been compared with Western Mari ləwäl (“lower part”), ləwälnə (“under”)…

It is a word formed within Hungarian, but how it arose is disputed. The likeliest view is that it is a fixed suffixed form: its base is ⟨*maj⟩, the older form of ma “today”, and its ending the…

It is a word formed within Hungarian, but how it was formed is uncertain. Its stem may be the same as that of más “other”; TESz, more cautiously, derives it from the demonstrative stem shared by ma…

It is from Hungarian mi (“what, something”) + -á (“lative suffix”) + -t (“locative suffix”), a fossilised case form. The pronoun in its indefinite use took the lative ending, which gave miá, and…

It is a derivative of a stem ⟨né-⟩ inherited from the Finno-Ugric period, inherited from Proto-Uralic *näke- (“to see, look”), with a Hungarian suffix. The cognates are Mansi ńäwl- (“to become…

It is a compound from Hungarian nem (“not”) + ës: the negative word and the emphatic particle ës ~ s, the same word as the conjunction and as is “also”. The compound arose in sentences in which the…

1. The verb meaning “to grow” is of unknown origin. ÚESz and Zaicz think it probably belongs to the oldest layer of the Hungarian vocabulary. Its stem variants (⟨nő-⟩, ⟨növ-⟩, ⟨nev-⟩, and dialect…

It is from Hungarian oly + -n, formed from the pronoun oly “so, such” with a pronoun-forming suffix, as in azon and ilyen. TESz finds less support in the old records for the view that the ⟨-n⟩ is a…

It is a case form that became fixed: the ⟨o⟩ variant of the demonstrative az “that” with the locative suffix ⟨-t⟩, answering the question hol “where?”. The single ⟨t⟩ was doubled between vowels, and…

The verb belongs with segéd and segedelem, probably inherited words: their stem dates from the Finno-Ugric period, and the derivation is Hungarian. The stem is inherited from Proto-Uralic *čäŋkɜ-…

It is from Hungarian is (“also, even”) + nem (“not”): the emphatic particle ës, a variant of is and the same word as és and s, grew together with the negative nem in the sentence. Wiktionary calls…

It is from Hungarian sem (“not even”) + mi (“what”), a compound formed when the parts grew together in the sentence; senki and soha were made the same way. The sources compare Latin nihil…

It is a compound from Hungarian sem (“not … either”) + ki (“someone”): the negative particle joined with the pronoun in its old sense “someone”, and the two fused into one word. It is formed like…

It is a fossilized case form from Hungarian szer (“manner; order”) + -int. ÚESz and Zaicz analyse the ending, -ént ~ -int, as the old lative -é with the locative endings -n and -t, of which the last…

The word is of unknown origin: TESz, EWUng, ÚESz and Zaicz give no etymology for the stem. The ending is the -ik of the intransitive verbs. Its derivatives connected with history as a discipline…

It is a compound from Hungarian vala- + ki (“who”). The first part is the same as való, the participle of van “to be”; its sense “being somewhere, to be found” faded, and it became a marker of…

It is a compound from Hungarian vala- + mi (“what”): the indefinite prefix and the interrogative pronoun. The prefix is the same word as való, the present participle of van (stem val-); in its…