English words first recorded in the 19th century

It is formed from foot, as a measure of length, and the suffix -age.

It is formed from English hetero- + sexual, after the German word heterosexual, a hybrid of Greek and Latin elements: Ancient Greek ἕτερος (héteros, “the other of two, different”) and Late Latin…

It was formed from English homosexual + -ity, after Homosexualität, coined in 1869 by the writer K. M. Kertbeny; homosexualité is recorded from 1891. The adjective homosexual joins homo-, from…

It is formed from English industrialize + -ation, perhaps after French industrialisation, recorded in 1847. Industrialize is formed from industrial and -ize, probably on the model of industrialiser…

It is formed from English psycho- + therapy, probably after French psychothérapie, recorded from 1888 according to the OED and 1889 according to Etymonline. Merriam-Webster treats it as a word of…

It is formed from English sadism + -istic, probably modelled on German sadistisch, which is recorded from 1891. The OED analyses it as the name of the Count de Sade with the suffix -istic, after the…

It is an American formation from English up- + state. The OED takes the first element as the preposition and compares the earlier downstate, recorded from 1888.

It is from the verbal phrase work out (see work, out), also written work-out.

It is formed from English adrenal + -ine. The form adrenalin has the suffix -in. Adrenal (1866) joins Latin ad- (“to, near”) and rēnālis (“of the kidneys”), from rēnēs (“kidneys”), the source also…

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek πρῶτον (prôton), the neuter of πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”), which is related to proto- and comes from Proto-Indo-European *per-. The OED notes that the word seems to…

It is borrowed from Japanese 寿司 (sushi). The American Heritage Dictionary traces it to an Old Japanese word for salted fish preserved in fermenting rice, possibly a noun use of an adjective meaning…

It is a translation from German Antikörper, formed from English anti- + body on the model of the German word, which Paul Ehrlich used in 1891. The German word is made of anti- (“against”) and Körper…

It is formed from English cholesterin + -ol, with the chemical suffix for an alcohol in place of the older ending. The name was changed once the substance was found to be an alcohol. That word comes…

It is named after Rudolf Diesel (1858–1913), the German mechanical engineer who designed this kind of engine in the 1890s.

It is borrowed from Cantonese 點心 (dím sām, “light refreshments, pastry”), corresponding to Mandarin 點心 (diǎnxīn), a word already found in Middle Chinese. It is formed from 點 (dím, “dot, speck”) and…

It is formed from English fan + -dom, an enthusiast and the suffix of kingdom and the like. Dictionary.com marks it as an Americanism. The base noun was first used of baseball enthusiasts, in…

The origin is unknown or uncertain. The most common proposal is borrowed from German Fink, literally "finch" (as in finch), also a scornful word for a frivolous, dissolute or untidy person, and in…

It is formed from English invitation + -al. Invitation is from Latin invītātiō (“an invitation, incitement, challenge”), a noun of action from invītō (“to invite, treat, entertain”).

Most dictionaries take it as borrowed from Yiddish קיבעצן (kibetsn, “to offer advice as an outsider”), from German kiebitzen (“to look on at cards”), from Kiebitz (“lapwing, peewit; busybody”), from…

It is a hybrid of motor and -cycle, from bicycle, from the earlier motor bicycle. Motocycle was also used in the late 19th century.

It is formed from English speed + way. Dictionary.com marks it as an Americanism.

1. The word for a fool is probably a clipping from English booby (“a stupid person”). Collins calls it a back-formation from booby. Booby itself, recorded from the 1590s, is of uncertain origin; it…

It is a blend from English breakfast + lunch, taking the beginning of the first and the end of the second. Etymonline calls it British student slang, and Tréguer traces it to Oxford University…

It is a shortening of laboratory.

It is formed from English ski + -er: Etymonline and the Shorter Oxford derive it from the verb, the OED from the noun. Merriam-Webster explains the less common spelling “skiier” from “skii-” as in…

It is borrowed from Spanish taco as used in Mexico, recorded there from 1891 or earlier. In Spanish taco meant a plug, wad or stopper, and also a bite or snack and a drink of wine. The OED suggests…

It is formed from English bachelor + -ette. Etymonline thinks it was formed in English, and notes that Old French bachelette (“young girl”) is recorded in the 15th century, also bachelle, bacelette…

It is a compound from English back + pack, formed in American English. The OED compares the earlier rucksack.

It is formed from English cinematograph + -y, on the model of photograph and photography. The OED compares kinematography. Cinematograph is from French cinématographe (1893), coined by the Lumière…

It is borrowed from Japanese 歌舞伎 (kabuki), usually written with characters meaning “song”, “dance” and “skill”, 歌 (ka, “song”), 舞 (bu, “dance”) and 伎 (ki, “art, skill”), but originally from the verb…

It is formed from English motor + -ist. Motor is from Late Latin motor (“mover”), an agent noun from moveō (“to move”), from Proto-Indo-European *meue- (“to push away”).

It is formed from English supremacy + -ist. Supremacy is from English supreme with -acy, or perhaps from Latin suprēmitās.

It is borrowed from Japanese 津波 (tsunami), from 津 (tsu, “harbour, port”) and 波 (nami, “wave, waves”). The OED and Dictionary.com note the older romanization “tunami”. The American Heritage…

It is from English volley + ball, volley in the sporting sense of a hit of the ball in flight, so called because the ball must be returned before it touches the ground.

It comes from the name of Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin (1838–1917), the German general and aircraft manufacturer who designed airships of this kind. Barnhart and Etymonline take it as a borrowing of…

It is borrowed from French décor, a derivative of the verb décorer (“to decorate”). Etymonline calls the noun a back-formation from the verb, and dates the French noun to the 18th century and the…

1. The liquor is short for hoochinoo (1877), a liquor made by the Hoochinoo or Hutsnuwu, a Tlingit people of Alaska, whose name the OED derives from Tlingit Hutsnuwu (“grizzly bear fort”). Their…

It is a colloquial shortening of legitimate.

It is formed from English motor + way. motor is from Latin mōtor (“mover”), an agent noun from moveō (“to move”), and way is from Old English weg (“track, path”).

It is formed from English obsess + -ive, although Merriam-Webster and Dictionary.com derive it from obsession. The verb obsess is from Latin obsessus, the past participle of obsideō (“to sit…

Its origin is unknown. Etymonline says it came from a common name of the turtles in the Florida Keys. Merriam-Webster Unabridged and Webster's Third suggest that it probably comes from the surname…

It is a variant, based on the pronunciation, of the thieves' cant word chiv, also spelled “chive”, a knife, recorded from 1673. Most dictionaries take chiv as probably from Romani chiv (“blade”)…

It is borrowed from Yiddish בייגל (beygl), a Yiddish word recorded from the early 17th century or earlier. The OED derives the Yiddish word either from German Beugel, a regional word in Silesia and…

It is borrowed from German Heroin, a trademark registered in 1898 by Friedrich Bayer & Co. for their substitute for morphine. By tradition the name comes from Ancient Greek ἥρως (hḗrōs, “hero”) (see…

It is formed from English im- + balance, with the prefix meaning "not". Merriam-Webster and Webster's Third give the prefix as in-, which takes the form im- before b. The noun balance goes back to…

It was coined in 1898 by its discoverers, the chemists William Ramsay and Morris W. Travers, as borrowed from New Latin neon, from Ancient Greek νέον (néon, “something new”), the neuter of νέος…

It is formed from English radio- + active, after French radioactif, coined by Pierre Curie and Marie Skłodowska-Curie in 1898, in a report to the French Academy of Sciences. The first element is the…

It is a shortening from English automobile, perhaps after French auto; French and German auto came about the same way.

It is formed from English chair + person, after chairman and chairwoman. Merriam-Webster, Webster's Third and Dictionary.com analyse it as chairman with the second element replaced by -person.

It is borrowed from French cinéma, short for cinématographe (see cinematograph), a word coined in the 1890s by the Lumière brothers, from Greek κίνημα (kínēma, “movement”), from κινέω (kineîn, “to…

It is the noun use of the phrasal verb crack down, formed from English crack + down. Etymonline suggests that the verb may come from crack in the sense "to shoot at" (by 1913), or from the image in…

It is a shortening of gelatin, perhaps influenced by the earlier jell (1870), from jelly. Etymonline credits the word to the Scottish chemist Thomas Graham. The verb is from the noun, but the OED's…

It is from English super- + hero.

It is a compound from English work + load, joining the nouns work and load.

It is a compound from English brief (“a document, especially a lawyer's brief”) + case (“a box or container”). Etymonline takes brief in its sense of a paper or document, and Merriam-Webster…

Its origin is uncertain. It may be a clipping from English burgoo (“thick porridge; stew”), first a sailors' word for porridge, which is based on a Persian word for bruised grain. Barnhart and…

It is formed from English pedo- + -philia, and the British spelling paedophilia is formed with paedo-; Merriam-Webster and Dictionary.com label it a New Latin formation. The first element is from…

It is formed from English radio- + -logy, in the medical sense probably after French radiologie, recorded in 1900 or earlier; the OED compares German Radiologie, from 1903 or earlier. Etymonline…

It is formed from English tank + -er. The noun tank, a large container for liquids, came into English in the 17th century; the OED calls its origin obscure, and it may come from an Indian language…