English words first recorded in the 16th century

It is borrowed from Latin basilica (“public hall; building of a court of justice”), from Ancient Greek βασιλική (basilikḗ), short for βασιλικὴ στοά (basilikḕ stoá, “royal portico”) or βασιλικὴ οἰκία…

It is probably a variant of the obsolete bought, a bend, curve or loop (1468, earlier Middle English bught, before 1400), perhaps from an unrecorded Old English *buht, a variant of byht, a bend (see…

It is borrowed from Middle French capture (“a taking”), from Latin captūra (“a taking, especially of animals”), from captus, the past participle of capiō (“to take, seize”), from Proto-Indo-European…

It is borrowed from Middle French cavité, from Late Latin cavitās (“hollowness”), from cavus (“hollow”), from Proto-Indo-European *keue- (“to swell; vault, hole”). Hoad, the Oxford Dictionary of…

It is borrowed from Late Latin dētēctor (“revealer, uncoverer”), an agent noun from dētegō (“to uncover, expose, reveal”), from dē- (“un-, off”) and tegō (“to cover”), from Proto-Indo-European…

It is borrowed from Latin diagōnālis, a word used by Vitruvius; in Barnhart, Etymonline and Skeat it is borrowed from Middle French diagonal, from the Latin. The French word is recorded from the…

It is borrowed from Middle French erosion, from Latin ērōsiō (“a gnawing away”), a noun of action from ērōsus (“eaten away, gnawed away”), the past participle of ērōdō (“to gnaw away, consume”). The…

It is borrowed from Latin exterminātus (“driven out”), the past participle of exterminō (“to drive beyond the boundaries, drive out”), with -ate. Most dictionaries analyse the Latin verb as ex-…

It is borrowed from Old French iniection (14th century) or directly borrowed from Latin iniectiō (“a throwing in”), a noun from the past participle of iniciō, to throw in or on (see inject), from…

1. The weaving frame is inherited from Middle English lome (“tool, implement”), inherited from Old English ġelōma (“utensil, tool”) with its prefix lost, formed from ġe-, a perfective or collective…

It is borrowed from Spanish mahiz, now maíz, from Taíno mahiz or mahís, the word for the plant in Taino, an Arawakan language of the Caribbean. The OED notes that the Spanish word is first attested…

It is borrowed from Middle French médian or directly from Latin mediānus (“of the middle”), from medius, middle (see mid, middle), from PIE Proto-Indo-European *medhyo- (“middle”). An earlier…

It was first borrowed from Middle French orbital (“of the orbit of the eye”), from orbite (the source of orbit) and the suffix -al; the French adjective is recorded in 1533 in os orbital, in the…

It is borrowed from Latin plausibilis (“deserving applause; acceptable, pleasing”), from plausus, the past participle of plaudō (“to clap, applaud”), with the suffix -ibilis (-ible). The OED…

It is earlier prothogall, prothocoll, borrowed from Middle French prothocole (“draft of a document, register”), from Medieval Latin protocollum, from Late Greek πρωτόκολλον (prōtókollon, “the first…

It is borrowed from Latin stupidus (“amazed, confounded; dull, foolish”), perhaps partly borrowed from Middle French stupide, from stupeō (“I am stunned, amazed, struck senseless”), which is akin to…

It is partly borrowed from Middle French stupidité (“insensibility; lack of intelligence”) and partly borrowed from Latin stupiditās (“lack of intelligence, foolishness”), formed from stupidus…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin supervīsus (“looked over, inspected”), the past participle of supervideō (“to look over, inspect, oversee”), or of its stem, formed from super- (“over”) and videō…

It is borrowed from New Latin syndromē, from Ancient Greek συνδρομή (sundromḗ, “concurrence of symptoms; concourse”), from σύνδρομος (súndromos, “running together”), from σύν (sún, “with”) and the…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin tendō, though the Shorter Oxford and Hoad allow that it came through French tendon, recorded in the 16th century. The medieval Latin word is an alteration, under…

It is borrowed from Late Latin triangulāris (“triangular, pertaining to a triangle”), from Latin triangulum (“triangle”) and the adjective suffix -āris, which in English is -ar. Klein notes that…

It is short for turkey-cock or turkey-hen, from the place name Turkey, probably in its vague 16th-century sense “Asia” or “Ottoman lands”. The name was first given to the guinea fowl, a bird…

It is formed from English un- + deniable, or from un-, deny and -able. The verb deny is from Old French denier, from Latin dēnegō (“to deny, refuse”), formed from dē- and negō (“to say no, refuse”)…

It is borrowed from Latin Acadēmia (“the Academy”), in modern use a New Latin word, and the Latin source of academy. Merriam-Webster sees it as a Latinization of academy, with the ending -ia…

It is borrowed from Latin appendix (“appendage, addition, supplement”), which in post-classical Latin also meant a small prolongation of an organ (13th century) and the vermiform appendix (by 1559)…

It is borrowed from Middle French citadelle and its source borrowed from Italian cittadella, a diminutive of cittade (“city”), a variant of città, from Latin cīvitās (“city”). The OED records the…

It is borrowed from Latin cīvicus (“of a citizen”), from cīvis, citizen, townsman (see city). Barnhart thinks French civique (1504) unlikely to have played a part, since the first English use is in…

It is borrowed from Middle French courtisane, also courtisienne and courtisanne, probably from Italian cortigiana (“woman of the court, courtly woman, courtesan”), the feminine of cortigiano…

It is borrowed from Middle French crédit (“belief, trust; reputation; commercial credit”), from Old Italian credito, from Latin crēditum (“a loan, thing entrusted to another”), the neuter past…

It is formed from English cynic + -al, or, as the OED has it since its 2023 revision, from Latin cynicus (“of the Cynic philosophy; a Cynic”) with the English suffix. The Latin word is from Ancient…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin dēnōminātor, an agent noun from dēnōminō (“to name”), from dē- and nōminō (“to name”), from nōmen (“name”), from Proto-Indo-European *no-men- (“name”). The Shorter…

It is formed from English dictator + -ship, probably at first after Latin dictātūra, the source of dictature. Its base comes from Latin dictātor, an agent noun from dictō (“to say often…

It is borrowed from Middle French emir, also emyr (now émir), and partly directly borrowed from Arabic أمير (amīr, “commander, ruler, prince”), which was pronounced with e- in colloquial Arabic. The…

It is borrowed from Middle French équivalence, from Medieval Latin aequivalentia, from Late Latin aequivalēns (“equivalent”), the present participle of aequivaleō (“to be equivalent”), which is…

It is borrowed from Latin geōgraphia, partly through French géographie, from Greek γεωγραφία (geōgraphíā, “description of the earth's surface”), from gê, earth, and -graphíā, description, from…

It is borrowed from Late Latin malignāns (“acting maliciously”), the present participle of malignō (“to act maliciously, contrive maliciously”), a verb of the Vulgate. Etymonline adds that it came…

1. It is borrowed from Anglo-Norman neit, borrowed from Old French net (“clear, pure”), from Latin nitidus (“gleaming, elegant, trim”), from niteō, to shine, cognate with Middle Irish nīam…

It is formed from English out- + field.

It is borrowed from Latin parentālis (“of or belonging to parents”), formed with the suffix -ālis on parēns (“father or mother”), the source of parent. The OED compares parental, parental (1536, but…

It is a shortened form of puppy. Hoad, the Shorter Oxford and the Oxford Dictionary of English call it a back-formation, as if puppy were a diminutive in -y. Puppy itself is probably from Old French…

It is borrowed from Middle French saillie (“a rushing forth”), the noun use of the feminine past participle of saillir, to leap, from Latin saliō, to leap (see salient), cognate with Ancient Greek…

It is formed from English shut + -er. Shut is from Old English scyttan (“to bolt, shut”), from Proto-West Germanic *skutjan, and is related to shoot. Partridge treats it under shoot.

It is borrowed from Latin stāmina (“threads”), the plural of stāmen (“warp of cloth, thread”), the source of stamen. Ayto traces the Latin noun to Proto-Indo-European *stāmen-, a derivative of *stā-…

It is formed from English stick + -er, an agent noun from the verb stick in the senses "to pierce" and "to adhere".

1. It is formed from English stick + -y, from the noun stick with the adjective suffix. 2. It is formed from English stick + -y, from the verb stick "to adhere" with the adjective suffix. Etymonline…

It is formed from English trouble + -some, from the noun. Trouble came into Middle English about 1200 from Old French truble (“trouble, disturbance”), from trubler (“to disturb, make cloudy”), a…

Etymonline takes it as formed from English alphabet + -ical, while the OED derives it from Medieval Latin alphabēticus with the English suffix -al. The Latin adjective, recorded before 1513, is from…

It is borrowed from Late Latin arthrītis (“pain in the joints, gout”), recorded in Latin from the 3rd century and earlier only as a Greek word, from Ancient Greek ἀρθρῖτις (arthrîtis, “(disease) of…

It is borrowed from Middle French combattre (“to fight”), the noun from French combat, from the verb, from Old French combatre (12th century), from Late Latin combattere, from Latin com “with each…

Its origin is uncertain. The OED, Etymonline, Hoad and Weekley take it as possibly a diminutive and frequentative of the rare verb from Middle English drēsen (“to fall”), from Old English drēosan…

It is borrowed from Middle French epilepsie and partly directly borrowed from Late Latin epilepsia, from Ancient Greek ἐπιληψία (epilēpsía, “epileptic fit”), related to ἐπίληψις (epílēpsis, “act of…

It is formed from English practitian + -er, practitian being an obsolete variant of practician, with a redundant ending on the model of parishioner. The OED derives it from practician or its source…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin prīmālis (“of the first rank, primary”), from Latin prīmus (“first”) and the suffix -ālis. The OED takes it as probably partly formed in English from prime and…

It is borrowed from French qualification and directly Medieval Latin quālificātiō, from the past participle of quālificō (“to qualify”) (see qualify), from quālis (“of what kind”).

It is borrowed from Latin subsidiārius (“serving to assist or supplement, of a reserve”), perhaps partly through Middle French subsidiaire, from subsidium (“help, aid, troops in reserve”) (see…

It is borrowed from Middle French ministérial (“charged with administering”), which was later replaced by ministériel, and directly borrowed from Late Latin ministeriālis (“pertaining to service, of…

The OED takes it as formed from English proficient + -ency, or else from its Latin source, the present participle Latin prōficiēns, with the same English suffix. Barnhart notes that the noun is…

It is formed from English Satan + -ic. The OED notes the earlier satanical, and compares Byzantine Greek Σατανικός (Satanikós), post-classical Latin satanicus (6th century), French satanique (late…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin superintendēns (“an overseer”), the present participle of Late Latin superintendere, to oversee (see superintend), from super-, above, and intendō, to turn one's…

It is formed from Latin āerius (“airy, lofty”) and -al, from Ancient Greek ἀέριος (aérios, “of the air”), from ἀήρ (aḗr, “air”) (see air). The spelling aereal comes from the variant aereus.