English words first recorded in the 15th century

It is inherited from Middle English incident, borrowed from Middle French incident, and directly from Latin incidēns (“falling upon, happening”), the present participle of incidō “to fall into, fall…

It is inherited from Middle English incredible, borrowed from Latin incrēdibilis (“not to be believed, extraordinary”), from in- “not” and crēdibilis (“worthy of belief”), the source of credible…

It is inherited from Middle English innat, borrowed from Latin innātus (“inborn, native, natural”), which Etymonline calls Late Latin and the OED records first in Tertullian. It is the past…

It is borrowed from Latin īnstīnctus (“instigation, impulse”), the noun use of the past participle of īnstinguō (“to incite, impel”), from in- (“into, upon”) and stinguō (“to prick, goad”), from…

It is inherited from Middle English instruccioun, borrowed from Old French instruccion, from Latin instructio (“an array, arrangement”), in Late Latin teaching, from the past participle stem of…

It is inherited from Middle English interrupten, borrowed from Latin interruptus (“broken off, interrupted”), the past participle of interrumpō (“to break apart, break off”), from inter (“between”)…

It is inherited from Middle English invincible, borrowed from Old French invincible (“unconquerable”), recorded in French from the 14th century, and directly borrowed from Latin invincibilis…

It is inherited from Middle English lucratif, borrowed from Old French lucratif and directly borrowed from Latin lucrātīvus (“gainful, profitable”), from lucrātus, the past participle of lucror (“to…

It is late Middle English, borrowed from Old French miserable and directly from Latin miserābilis, pitiable, lamentable, from miseror, to pity, lament, from miser, wretched (see miser), with the…

It is inherited from Middle English notyce, borrowed from Middle French notice (“acquaintance, knowledge”), from Latin nōtitia (“a being known, fame, knowledge”), from nōtus (“known”), past…

It is inherited from Middle English obteinen, borrowed from Middle French obtenir and directly from Latin obtineō (“to hold, take hold of, acquire”), from ob- (here perhaps intensive) and teneō (“to…

It is inherited from Middle English provocative, also provocatif, partly borrowed from Middle French provocatif (“provoking a reaction; calling forth”) and partly borrowed from Late Latin…

It is borrowed from Middle French rural, Old French rural (14th century), from Latin rūrālis (“of the countryside”), from rūs (genitive rūris) “open land, country”, from Proto-Indo-European *reue-…

It is borrowed from Middle French satisfier, a variant of satisfaire, influenced by verbs in -fier, from Latin satisfaciō, to discharge fully, make amends, literally to do enough, from satis, enough…

It is inherited from Middle English solicitour, borrowed from Old French soliciteur, also soliciteor, the agent noun of soliciter (“to disturb; to solicit; to take care of”), the source of solicit…

It is inherited from Middle English tedious, also tedyouse, borrowed from Late Latin taediōsus (“wearisome, irksome”), perhaps partly borrowed from Old French tedieus, which Etymonline and Klein…

It is inherited from Middle English tolleraunce, borrowed from Middle French tolérance and directly from Latin tolerantia, endurance, from tolerāns, present participle of tolerō, to bear, endure…

It is inherited from Middle English trik, borrowed from Old French trique (“deceit, cheating”), an Old North French word, from trikier “to deceive”, a variant of Old French trichier “to cheat”, of…

It is a late twilight, formed from English twi- + light, corresponding to Dutch tweelicht (from the 16th century), Low German twilecht and German Zwielicht. The force of twi- ("two") is unclear…

The noun is formed from English up- + keep, after the verbal phrase keep up, to maintain in good order. Etymonline dates the phrase to the 1660s, Hoad to the 16th century. An earlier verb upkeep, to…

The verb is inherited from Middle English abusen, borrowed from Middle French abuser (“to deceive, abuse, misuse”), from Vulgar Latin *abūsō, from Latin abūsus (“a using up”), the past participle of…

It is Middle English, borrowed from Old French comparable, from Latin comparabilis (“capable of comparison”), from comparō, to make equal with, liken (see compare).

It is Middle English, from Middle French or directly borrowed from Latin convenientia (“a meeting together, agreement, harmony”), from conveniēns, present participle of conveniō, to come together…

It is inherited from Middle English correspondence, borrowed from Middle French correspondance or directly Medieval Latin correspondentia, from correspondēns, the present participle of correspondeō…

The noun, a book of customs, is borrowed from Medieval Latin custumarium (“book of customs”), the noun use of the neuter of custumarius; French had the corresponding coutumier from 1396. The…

It is inherited from Middle English fruicioun, also fruycion, borrowed from Middle French fruition and directly borrowed from Late Latin fruitiō (“enjoyment”), formed from the past participle stem…

It is inherited from Middle English inconvenience, borrowed from Old French inconvenience (“misfortune, calamity; impropriety”) (modern inconvenance), from Late Latin inconvenientia (“lack of…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin organizō, partly through Middle French organiser, from Latin organum, instrument, tool (see organ), and -izāre (see -ize).

It is inherited from Middle English parent, borrowed from Old French parent (“father, parent, relative, kin”) (11th century), and directly from Latin parēns (“father or mother, ancestor”), plural…

It is inherited from Middle English periode (also pariode), borrowed from Middle French periode, and directly from Medieval Latin periodus (“recurring portion, cycle”), from Latin periodus (“a…

It is inherited from Middle English repressioun, borrowed from Medieval Latin repressiō (“restraint”), which in Late Latin, from the 4th century, meant suppression. The Latin noun is formed on the…

It is inherited from Middle English separacioun, borrowed from Old French separacion and directly Latin separatio (“separation”), from the past participle stem of sēparāre (“to pull apart”) (see…

It is borrowed from Middle French suppression and Latin suppressiō (“a pressing down; concealment; repression”), from the past participial stem of supprimō (“to press down, hold back”), from sub-…

It is borrowed from Middle French transparent, and directly from Medieval Latin transpārēns, showing light through, present participle of trānspāreō, from Latin trāns-, through, and pāreō, to come…

It is inherited from Middle English accessorie, borrowed from Anglo-Norman accessorie, also accessoire, and partly borrowed from Medieval Latin accessōrius (“secondary, subordinate”) and its noun…

It is inherited from Middle English cohercioun, borrowed from Old French cohercion, also cohertion, from Latin coerctiō or coertiō, in medieval spelling coerciō, a by-form of coercitiō, from the…

It is inherited from Middle English dependaunce, also dependence, borrowed from Old French dependance, from dependre (“to hang from; to depend”) with the suffix -ance, and partly from Medieval Latin…

It is formed from English en- + act, from the noun act in the sense of a formal record or decree, and the verb act; the OED divides its senses between the two. It was probably modelled on Medieval…

It is inherited from Middle English pronoun, also pronoune, borrowed from Anglo-Norman pronoun, recorded in Anglo-Norman from 1338, which the OED takes as formed from the elements of pro- and noun…

It is inherited from Middle English recognisen, borrowed from Middle French reconoiss-, the stem of reconoistre “to know again, identify”, from Latin recognōscō (“to know again, recall to mind…

It is inherited from Middle English compleinaunt, also compleynaunt, borrowed from Old French complaignant, the present participle of complaindre (“to lament”), which was also used as a noun…

It is inherited from Middle English enablen, from English en- + able, formerly also inable with in-.

It is inherited from Middle English graduat, borrowed from Medieval Latin graduātus, the past participle of graduor “to take a degree”, from Latin gradus “step, degree”, the source of grade. Gradus…

It was first inventari (1415), borrowed from Middle French inventaire, from Late Latin inventarium (“list of what is found”); the spelling with -ory, from before 1425, is from Medieval Latin…

1. The loop of a chain is inherited from Middle English linke, probably borrowed from Old Norse *hlenkr, compare Old Norse hlekkr “link”, in the plural “chain”, Old Swedish lænker and German Gelenk…

The verb is inherited from Middle English prefixen, borrowed from Middle French prefixer (“to fix in advance, predetermine”), and, the OED adds, its source borrowed from Latin praefīxus, the past…

The official is inherited from Middle English recordour, borrowed from Anglo-Norman recordour (“one who keeps a record; recorder of a city”), also Old French recordeor (“witness; storyteller…

It is inherited from Middle English rejecten, from Old French rejecter and directly borrowed from Latin rēiectus, past participle of reiciō, to throw back, or of its frequentative rēiectāre, to cast…

It is inherited from Middle English scrutinie, borrowed from Late Latin scrūtinium (“a search, inquiry”), which in Medieval Latin also meant a mode of election by ballot, from scrūtor (“to search…

It is inherited from Middle English statli, formed from Middle English stat (“state, rank”) + -li, that is, state and the suffix -ly. State is from Old French estat, from Latin status. The OED…

1. The band of colour is probably borrowed from Middle Dutch strīpe or Middle Low German strīpe (“stripe, streak”), although it may instead be a back-formation from striped, itself perhaps of Low…

It is inherited from Middle English vewe, borrowed from Anglo-Norman vewe (Old French veue, modern vue), the noun use of the feminine past participle of veoir (“to see”) (modern voir), from Latin…

It was formed from English view + -er in English, partly from the noun and, in later use, from the verb. The OED compares the early official sense with Anglo-Norman veour (“inspector, surveyor”)…

It is inherited from Middle English visual, borrowed from Late Latin vīsuālis (“of sight”), from Latin vīsus “sight”, past participle of videō “to see”, and the suffix -al. It is related to vision…

It is inherited from Middle English bryke, probably borrowed from Middle Dutch bricke (“tile, brick”) or Middle Low German bricke, brought by Flemish workmen, who were associated with early…

It is inherited from Middle English diccion, partly borrowed from Anglo-Norman dictioun and Middle French diccion, "a word, expression", and partly directly borrowed from Latin dictiō (“a saying…

It is inherited from Middle English leve, borrowed from Anglo-Norman leve (Old French levée (“act of raising”)), the feminine past participle of lever (“to raise”) (see lever), from Latin levō (“to…

It is inherited from Middle English turnepike, formed from Middle English turnen (“to turn”) + pike (“sharp point”), that is turn and pike. Klein explains that it first meant a revolving frame set…

It is inherited from Middle English antelope (“a heraldic beast”), probably borrowed from Old French antelop (“savage beast with saw-like horns”), from Medieval Latin antalopus, anthalopus, from…

It is inherited from Middle English acertainen, also ascertainen and assertainen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman acerteiner (“to inform, apprise”), from Old French acertener (“to assure, certify”), more…