English words first recorded in the 15th century

It is inherited from Middle English enterferen, borrowed from Middle French enterferir (“to strike each other”) (Old French s'entreferir), altered under the influence of inter-, from entre-…

It is inherited from Middle English liberacion, borrowed from Old French libération and directly Latin līberātiō (“a setting or becoming free”), from the past participle stem of līberō (“to set…

1. The adjective meaning luxuriant is inherited from Middle English lusch (“lax, soft”), probably altered from the older lasche (“loose, soft, watery”), earlier lacche, from Old French lasche…

It is borrowed from Latin magma (“dregs of an unguent”), from Ancient Greek μάγμα (mágma, “thick unguent, kneaded mass”), from μάσσω (mássō, “to knead, press into a mould”), from Proto-Indo-European…

The adjective is inherited from Middle English mediat, borrowed from Late Latin mediātus (“placed in the middle, intermediate”), the past participle of mediō (“to be in the middle; to halve”), from…

It is inherited from Middle English melwe, and its origin is uncertain. Most dictionaries take it as an attributive use of melowe, an inflected form of mele (“ground grain, meal”), going back to the…

It was first inherited from Middle English opake, borrowed from Latin opācus (“shaded, shady, dark”). The OED treats that first record as an isolated early borrowing, and the later use as partly…

It is inherited from Middle English pegge, probably borrowed from Middle Dutch pegge (“plug, peg, small wooden pin”), or a similar Low German word; compare Low German pigge (“peg”) and regional…

1. The food word is inherited from Middle English pikel, also pekel and pikkel, probably borrowed from Middle Dutch pēkel (“brine, pickle”) or its cognate in Middle Low German pēkel, whence German…

It is borrowed from Latin praemātūrus (“very early, too early; ripe before the proper season”), formed from prae- (“before”) and mātūrus (“ripe, timely”), the source of mature. The American Heritage…

It is borrowed from Latin prōminēns (“jutting out”) (accusative prōminentem), the present participle of prōmineō (“to jut or stand out, overhang”), from prō “forward” (see pro-) and -minēre “to…

1. The noun is probably borrowed from Middle Dutch proppe (“vine prop, support”), a word of uncertain origin. Merriam-Webster and Dictionary.com relate it to the Middle Dutch and Middle Low German…

It is inherited from Middle English propellen, borrowed from Latin prōpellō (“to drive forth or onward, push forward”), from prō- (“forward”) and pellō (“to push, drive”), from Proto-Indo-European…

It is inherited from Middle English propicious, also propicius, borrowed from Latin prōpitius (“favourably inclined, well-disposed”), and, according to the MED, Barnhart and Etymonline, also…

It is inherited from Middle English prokecye, also procusie and proccy, a contraction of procuracie, recorded as procracie about 1300, borrowed from Anglo-Norman procuracie, from Medieval Latin…

It is inherited from Middle English realte, probably partly formed from English real + -ty and partly borrowed from Anglo-Norman realté (“real property, right to land; fact, actuality”), itself…

It is borrowed from Latin renovō (“to renew, restore”), through its past participle renovātus, from re- (“again”) and novō (“to make new”), from novus (“new”), from Proto-Indo-European *newo-…

It is formed from Middle English re- (“back”) + quiten (“to pay”), quite being an early variant of quit that survives in this word. Etymonline and the MED allow also for Old French requiter, from…

It is a borrowing from early Scandinavian, first used in Scotland and the north of England. The OED compares Norwegian rogn, Nynorsk raun, and, with an i-mutating suffix, Old Norse reynir, rönn and…

1. The fish is inherited from Middle English roffe, also ruffe and rowe, probably a noun use of rough, from the prickly scales or the texture of the skin. The OED notes that John Caius named the…

It is inherited from Middle English rustik, also rustyk, partly borrowed from Middle French rustique (“rural; crude, coarse”) and partly directly borrowed from Latin rūsticus (“of the country…

It was formed from English salt + -y in late Middle English, from the noun.

It is inherited from Middle English saciaten, borrowed from Latin satiātus, the past participle of satiō (“to fill, satisfy”), from satis (“enough”), from Proto-Indo-European *sā- (“to satisfy”)…

It is borrowed from Latin sēminārium (“seed plot, plant nursery; figuratively, breeding ground”), the noun use of the neuter of sēminārius (“of seed”), from sēmen (“seed”), which Etymonline and the…

It is inherited from Middle English serene, borrowed from Latin serēnus (“clear, fair, calm (of weather); peaceful, cheerful”), partly also through Old French serein, as the MED and Etymonline note…

It is inherited from Middle English seryows, borrowed from Middle French sérieux (“grave, earnest”) and directly borrowed from Late Latin sēriōsus, from Latin sērius (“weighty, important, grave”)…

It is inherited from Middle English schakare, formed from Middle English schaken (“to shake”) + -er, an agent noun from the verb. The verb shake is from Old English sceacan (“to move quickly to and…

It is a later variant of slick, used for both the verb and the adjective. The verb is inherited from Middle English sleken, a variant of sliken (“to smooth, polish”), which goes back to an Old…

1. The noun meaning thin, fluid mud is inherited from Middle English slore, also sloor, of obscure origin; the verb meaning to smear, and later to disparage, is a conversion of it. The OED compares…

It is inherited from Middle English solven, borrowed from Latin solvō (“to loosen, dissolve, release, pay”), from *se-luō, from sē- (“apart”) and luō (“to release, atone”), from Proto-Indo-European…

1. The verb “to remain” is inherited from Middle English steyen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman estai-, a stem of Old French ester (“to stand, stay”), from Latin stō (“to stand”), from…

It is probably borrowed from a Scandinavian source such as borrowed from Old Norse steik (“roast meat”), related to steikja, to roast on a spit, and stikna, to be roasted, and ultimately meaning…

It is borrowed from Latin strūctūra (“a fitting together, adjustment; a building, mode of building”), perhaps through structure, from strūctus, past participle of struō (“to pile up, build…

It is inherited from Middle English taly, also talye, borrowed from Anglo-Norman tallie, recorded in Anglo-Norman from the early 14th century, itself from Medieval Latin tallia, also talia, from…

It is inherited from Middle English thonder-bolte, also thondre bolte, formed from English thunder + bolt, with bolt in its sense "arrow, projectile". The first element goes back to Old English…

1. The awning is inherited from Middle English telte, also tilt, a variant of teld and tild, inherited from Old English teld (“tent, pavilion”), perhaps influenced by tent. The Old English word is…

It is borrowed from Latin transitus (“a going over, passage”), from trānsīre (“to cross over, go across”), from trans (“across”) and īre (“to go”), from PIE Proto-Indo-European *ei- (“to go”).

It is inherited from Middle English transplaunten, borrowed from Late Latin trānsplantō (“to plant again in another place”), formed from Latin trāns (“across”), the source of trans-, and plantō (“to…

It is inherited from Middle English trunke, tronke, from Anglo-Norman trunke, borrowed from Old French tronc (“alms box; trunk of a tree or body”), from Latin truncus, the trunk of a tree or of the…

It is inherited from Middle English tonel, borrowed from Old French tonel (“cask”) or tonnelle (“net”), a diminutive of tonne (“tun, cask”), perhaps from the same source as Old English tunne (see…

It is formed from English un- + named, the past participle of the verb name. The verb is from Old English namian (“to name, call”). Etymonline compares the similar formations Old Frisian unnamed and…

It is formed from English fisher + man. fisher, a fisherman, is from Old English fiscere, an agent noun from fish, and Etymonline suggests that fisherman arose because fisher had begun to be used of…

It is inherited from Middle English glauncen (“to glide off at a slant”), probably a variant of earlier glacen (“to graze, strike a glancing blow”) (about 1300), borrowed from Old French glacier…

It is inherited from Middle English immaculat, borrowed from Latin immaculātus (“unstained”), formed from in- (“not”) and maculātus (“spotted, defiled”), the past participle of maculō (“to spot…

It is formed from English mis- + fortune, the prefix meaning "bad, wrong". The OED suggests it was perhaps modelled on Anglo-Norman meschance, also meschance in Middle French, the source of…

The noun is borrowed from Middle French reveue, modern revue, a noun use of the feminine past participle of reveeir (“to see again”), from Latin revideō, from re- (“again”) and videō (“to see”)…

It is a verb use of the earlier adjective constitute, formed (before 1398), from Latin cōnstitūtus, the past participle of cōnstituō (“to set up, establish, appoint”), from com- (intensive) and…

It is inherited from Middle English deduccioun, borrowed partly borrowed from Old French deduction and partly directly borrowed from Latin dēductiō (“a leading away, escorting; a diminution”), the…

It is inherited from Middle English dimisse, also demise, borrowed from Anglo-Norman demise, the noun use of the feminine past participle of Old French desmettre (“to send away, dismiss, (reflexive)…

It is inherited from Middle English furnishen, borrowed from Old French furniss-, the lengthened stem of furnir, also fornir (modern French fournir), which meant to accomplish, carry out, fit out…

It is inherited from Middle English pastree, also pastre, formed from English paste + -ry, probably after Old French pastaierie (“pastry”), from pastaier (“pastry cook”). The OED dates Middle French…

The adjective is borrowed from Latin requīsītus (“sought after; deemed necessary”), the past participle of requīrō (“to seek, ask for, need”), the source of require. The noun is from requīsītum…

It is inherited from Middle English vocacioun, borrowed from Anglo-Norman vocaciun and Middle French vocacion, also vocation, and directly borrowed from Latin vocātiō (“a calling, summons…

It is borrowed from Middle French adoration (“act of worship”), earlier adoracion, and its source borrowed from Latin adōrātiō (“act of worship or prayer”), formed from the past participle stem of…

It is formed from English beauty + -ful, the base being bealte, later beaute, from Anglo-Norman beute and Old French biauté, from Vulgar Latin *bellitās, from Latin bellus (“fine, handsome”). Klein…

It is inherited from Middle English benevolent, also benivolent, borrowed from Old French benivolent, also benvolent, and directly borrowed from Latin benevolēns (“wishing well, kindly”), formed…

It is formed from English conceive + -able. The Shorter Oxford compares French concevable. Conceive is from Old French conceveir, from Latin concipiō (“to take in and hold; to become pregnant”)…

It is borrowed from Middle French détention and directly from Late Latin dētentiō, retention, from dētineō, to hold back (see detain).

It is inherited from Middle English faisible, later feseable, borrowed from Anglo-Norman faisible, from Old French faisable (“possible, that may be done; easy, convenient”), formed from fais-, a…

It is probably formed from English fundament + -al, modelled on Late Latin fundāmentālis (“of the foundation”), from fundāmentum (“foundation”), from fundō “to found” (see found); the NODE and SOED…