Russian words first recorded in the 11th century

It is inherited from Old East Slavic ни (ni), from Proto-Slavic *ni (“nor, not”). The word is found in all the Slavic languages: Old Church Slavonic ни (ni), Ukrainian ні (ni), Bulgarian ни (ni)…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic ночь (nočĭ), from Proto-Slavic *noťь (“night”), earlier *noktь. The Slavic forms are Ukrainian ніч (nič), Belarusian ноч (noč), Old Church Slavonic ношть…

1. The preposition is inherited from Old East Slavic о (o), beside объ (obŭ), from Proto-Slavic *o(b). It is Old Church Slavonic о (o) or объ (obŭ) in Old Church Slavonic, translating Ancient Greek…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic одинъ (odinŭ), from Proto-Slavic *edinъ (“one”). The other Slavic languages have Ukrainian один (odyn), Belarusian адзін (adzin), Old Church Slavonic ѥдинъ…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic сѣдѣти (sěděti), from Proto-Slavic *sěděti, first person *sědjǫ. The other Slavic forms are Old Church Slavonic сѣдѣти (sěděti), Ukrainian сидіти (sydity)…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic такъ (takŭ, “such”), from Proto-Slavic *takъ (“such”). The modern form continues the long (definite) adjective *takъjь, made from it, and какой is formed in the…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic толико (toliko, “so much; only”), from Proto-Slavic *toliko. The word is shared by the other Slavic languages: Ukrainian тільки (tilʹky), Old Church Slavonic…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic изъ (izŭ), from Proto-Slavic *jьz. The other Slavic languages have Ukrainian із (iz) or з (z), Belarusian з (z), Old Church Slavonic изъ (izŭ), Bulgarian из…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic береза (bereza), from Proto-Slavic *berza (“birch”). The other Slavic languages have Ukrainian береза (bereza), Belarusian бяроза (bjaroza), Bulgarian бреза…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic вашь (vašĭ), from Proto-Slavic *vašь (“your (plural)”). The word is common Slavic: Ukrainian ваш (vaš), Belarusian ваш (vaš), Old Church Slavonic вашь (vašĭ)…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic вѣдати (vědati), from Proto-Slavic *vědati. It is the iterative of the old verb *věděti (“to know”), whose infinitive *vědti became Old East Slavic вѣсти (věsti…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic везти (vezti), from Proto-Slavic *vezti (“to convey”), present *vezǫ. Related forms are Old Church Slavonic вести (vesti) with the present везѫ (vezǫ), Ukrainian…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic городъ (gorodŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ (“enclosure; fortification, town”). The Slavic forms include Ukrainian город (horod), Polish gród, Czech hrad…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic дробити (drobiti), from Proto-Slavic *drobiti (“to crumble, crush”). Related forms are Old Church Slavonic дробити (drobiti), Ukrainian дробити (drobyty)…

1. The verb “to eat” is inherited from Old East Slavic ѣсти (ěsti), from Proto-Slavic *ěsti (“to eat”), first person singular *ědmь. Its Slavic relatives include Ukrainian їсти (jisty), Belarusian…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic ли (li), from Proto-Slavic *li. The particle is shared by the Slavic languages: Old Church Slavonic ли (li), Ukrainian ли (ly), Belarusian лі (li), Czech li and…

1. The verb “to be able” is inherited from Old East Slavic мочи (moči), first person могу (mogu), from Proto-Slavic *moťi, earlier *mogti, first person *mogǫ. The Slavic forms include Old Church…