Russian words first recorded in the 12th century

It is inherited from Old East Slavic вьрба (vĭrba), from Proto-Slavic *vьrba (“willow”). The word is shared by the Slavic languages: Ukrainian верба (verba), Old Church Slavonic врьба (vrĭba) (for…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic ꙗзъ (jazŭ), from Proto-Slavic *azъ (“I”). Old Russian had both the long язъ (jazŭ) and the short я (ja), and Mstislav's charter of 1130 uses the two side by…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic терети (tereti), from Proto-Slavic *terti (“to rub”), present *tьrǫ. The Russian form shows pleophony, ⟨-ере-⟩ for Proto-Slavic ⟨-er-⟩ before a consonant, and…

It is borrowed from Old Church Slavonic жрьтва (žrĭtva, “sacrifice”), which translates Ancient Greek θυσία (thusía) and σπονδή (spondḗ) in the Suprasliensis and the Glagolita Clozianus. Vasmer takes…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic стогъ (stogŭ), from Proto-Slavic *stogъ (“stack, rick”). The Church Slavonic texts of Russia and Serbia use Old Church Slavonic стогъ (stogŭ) for Ancient Greek…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic за (za), from Proto-Slavic *za (“behind, beyond, after, for”). It is a preposition and a prefix throughout Slavic: Ukrainian за (za), Belarusian за (za), Old…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic выдра (vydra), from Proto-Slavic *vydra (“otter”), whose ⟨v-⟩ is prothetic. The Slavic languages have Ukrainian видра (vydra), Belarusian выдра (vydra)…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic гоусь (gusĭ), from Proto-Slavic *gǫ̑sь (“goose”). The word is shared by the Slavic languages: Ukrainian гусь (husʹ), Belarusian гусь (husʹ), Bulgarian гъска…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic нѣту (nětu), beside нѣтъ (nětŭ). Vasmer derives it from Old East Slavic не (ne, “not”) + ѥ (je, “is”) + ту (tu, “there”), an older phrase. Shaposhnikov explains…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic слути (sluti), present слову (slovu), from Proto-Slavic *sluti, present *slovǫ; Wiktionary and Derksen give the Proto-Slavic infinitive as *slyti (“to have a…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic солома (soloma), from Proto-Slavic *solma (“straw”). The East Slavic ⟨оло⟩ is the pleophony of Proto-Slavic /ol/ between consonants; Church Slavonic has Old…

It is inherited from Old East Slavic тълкъ (tŭlkŭ, “interpretation; interpreter”), from Proto-Slavic *tъlkъ. Old Church Slavonic тлъкъ (tlŭkŭ, “interpreter”) translates Ancient Greek ἑρμηνεύς…