Etymologically

suferință

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word suferință

Confidence
Probable
Formation
Derivation
First attested
1783 More words from the 18th century
Ultimate origin
Latin sufferō
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Romanian suferi
Romanian suferință

Pronunciation

  • [sufeˈrintsə][1]

Forms

suferință f (plural suferințe)[1] An old and popular plural is suferinți: Eminescu wrote „Căci te iubeam cu ochi păgâni Și plini de suferinți” “for I loved you with pagan eyes full of sufferings”.[2][3]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian suferi + -ință, the verb “to suffer” with the suffix of abstract nouns.[3][4][1] DEX, DER and Wiktionary add that it was modelled on French souffrance, and Tiktin names Italian sofferenza beside the French word.[4][5][1][6] suferi is from Vulgar Latin *sufferiō, from Latin sufferō (“to bear, endure”).[1][5]

Earlier scholars took the noun straight from Latin: Pușcariu listed it as an inherited word from sufferentia, with the Italian and French words and Occitan sufrensa as cognates, and Scriban and Șăineanu gave the same Latin source.[7][8][9]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin dates the first record to 1783.[6] The first quotation of MDA2 and the DLR is from a Carte trebuincioasă, a prayer that God grant someone suferință și îndelungată răbdare, “endurance and long patience”.[2][3] Tiktin records this old sense, “patience, endurance”, in Budai-Deleanu's Țiganiada.[6]

Semantic evolution

The old sense “endurance, patience” followed the verb suferi “to bear, tolerate”, and Budai-Deleanu also has nesuferință “impatience”.[6] Later quotations, from Bălcescu, Negruzzi, Eminescu and Caragiale on, have the senses “physical or moral pain” and “the state of one who suffers”.[2][4] Medical writing uses it for an ailment of an organ, as in suferință digestivă.[2] The phrase a fi în suferință means “to be in want, to lack something”, and in banking language în suferință means “outstanding, in abeyance” of a claim.[4][2]

Timeline

  • 1783 – first record.[6]
  • 1905 – Pușcariu lists it as inherited from Latin.[7]
  • 1939 – “physical or moral pain” in Scriban, with the phrase a fi în suferință.[8]

Meanings

Noun

  1. suffering, pain, physical or moral; the state of someone who suffers.[4][3][1]
  2. An ailment, a disorder of an organ.[2]
  3. (obsolete) endurance, patience.[6][2]

Usage notes

A fi în suferință means “to be short of something, to be in need”: Proiectul e în suferință din lipsă de bani.[4][10] In banking, a claim în suferință is one not yet paid.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. suferință
  3. ^ a b c d Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 1044
  4. ^ a b c d e f DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1069
  5. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. suferi
  6. ^ a b c d e f Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. suferință
  7. ^ a b Pușcariu, Sextil (1905), Etymologisches Wörterbuch der rumänischen Sprache I: Lateinisches Element, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. 154
  8. ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1261
  9. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 626
  10. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 4, 294

Related etymologies

  • bun · also from Latin
  • unde · also from Latin
  • veni · also from Latin
  • noi · also from Latin
  • bine · also from Latin
  • un · also from Latin
  • și · also from Latin
  • sta · also from Latin
Cite this entry

“Suferință.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/suferin%C8%9B%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·