procuror

Forms

procuror m (plural procurori)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French procureur.^{[2][3][4][5][1]} Tiktin says it was formed after the French word.^[6] Scriban notes that the French word, from procurer, corresponds to Latin prōcūrātor.^[7] The French noun is formed on that verb with the suffix -eur.^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin dates the first record to 1815.^[6] A document of 1819 uses it for a high official of a foreign state, the Russian representative at Chișinău.^[4] MDA2's first record is a periodical of 1829, where it names an official with judicial duties in the Divan of the Organic Regulation period.^[3][4]

Semantic evolution

The first uses name officials of the old administration: a member of the Divan with judicial duties, and in France a procuror general or crăiesc who defended the king's interests.^[4] With the modern courts it became the public prosecutor, a member of the parchet who brings the criminal action and supports the charge;^[4][7] Negruzzi already writes of „procurorul crăiesc”.^[4][7] The DLRLC of 1955–1957 defines it as a member of the procuratură, who also oversees the observance of the laws.^[8] MDA2 records old and regional variants such as procoror, pricorod, pricuror, procorod and procorol.^[3]

Timeline

• 1815 – first record.^[6]
• 1819 – a high diplomatic official at Chișinău.^[4]
• 1829 – procurorul divanului, an official of the Divan.^[3][4]
• 1870 – Costinescu defines the magistrate who speaks for society in civil and criminal cases.^[9]

Meanings

Noun

1. A prosecutor: a magistrate of the parchet who brings the criminal action and supports the charge, decides to send offenders to court, oversees the application of the law and represents the state in a trial.^[2][1]
2. procuror general: the head of the prosecution service at a court of appeal or the Court of Cassation.^[3]
3. (historical) An official with judicial duties in the Divan in the period of the Organic Regulation.^[3][4]

Related words

• procura
• procuratură
• procură
• French procureur

Usage notes

DEX 1998 and the DILF also give a feminine, procuroră.^[10][11]

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 880
3. ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 559
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. procuror
5. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. procuror
6. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. procuror
7. ^ a b c Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1058
8. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 590
9. ^ Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 2, 363
10. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan” (1998), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române, 2nd ed., București: Univers Enciclopedic, p. 854
11. ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria, p. s.v. procuror