Etymology and origin of the Romanian word nămaie
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Inherited
- First attested
- 1476 a document cited by Tiktin More words from the 15th century
- Inherited from
- Latin animalia
- Ultimate origin
- Latin anima
Forms
nămaie f (plural nămăi)[1] The plural is nămăi or nămaie; a variant nămăi is also recorded.[2][3]
Etymology
It is inherited from Latin animālia (“animals”), the plural of animal (“living creature, animal”).[4][5][3][2][1] The Latin noun is formed on anima (“breath, soul”).[6]
The word survives south of the Danube: Aromanian nãmaljiu and Megleno-Romanian nămal'u.[4][5][7][1] Its Romance cognates include Friulian nemâl “ox”, Old French aumaille, Spanish alimaña and Portuguese alimanha.[4][1] Ciorănescu calls it a doublet of animal, which comes from French animal.[4][1]
Earliest recorded meaning
Tiktin dates the first record to 1476.[5] MDA2's first record is the Anonymus Caransebesiensis, a Romanian–Latin glossary of about 1650–1700 from the Banat.[3] Ciorănescu points to Pușcariu's study of the word's survival in place names.[4]
Semantic evolution
The Latin plural “animals” narrowed in Romanian to livestock: horned cattle, or small livestock.[2][5][8] In the Banat it came to mean “sheep”.[4][9] The Megleno-Romanian word likewise refers to sheep and goats.[7] The word is regional and dated today; the Hațeg glossary records it as “cattle”.[10][11]
Timeline
- 1476 – the first record, as Tiktin dates it.[5]
- c. 1650–1700 – nămaie in the Anonymus Caransebesiensis.[3][2]
- 1915 – nămaie “cattle” in Densusianu's glossary of the Hațeg region.[11]
Meanings
Noun
- (regional, dated) A head of cattle, especially horned livestock.[2][3][1]
- (regional, Banat) A sheep.[4][9][1]
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. nămaie
- ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 105
- ^ a b c d e f g Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. nămaie
- ^ a b c d e Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. nămaie
- ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ a b Capidan, Theodor (1935), Meglenoromânii III: Dicționar meglenoromân, București: Academia Română, p. 202
- ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 417
- ^ a b Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. nămaie
- ^ Bulgăr, Gheorghe; Constantinescu-Dobridor, Gheorghe (2002), Dicționar de arhaisme și regionalisme, 2 vols., București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. nămaie
- ^ a b Densusianu, Ovid (1915), Graiul din Țara Hațegului, București: Socec, p. 324
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Nămaie.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/n%C4%83maie. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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