Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Romanian word insultă

Confidence
Established
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
c. 1830 More words from the 19th century
Borrowed from
French insulte

Forms

insultă f (plural insulte)[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French insulte (“insult”).[2][3][4][5][1][6] The French word goes back to Middle French insult, probably from Medieval Latin insultus (“attack, assault”).[1] The DA links the word with Latin insultō, formed from in- and saltō (“to jump”), and compares the Romanian verb sări “to jump”, used of jumping at someone.[7] Scriban gives the French word or the Medieval Latin noun as the source, or a derivation from the verb insulta.[8]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin dates the first record to about 1830, with the sense “offence, affront”.[6] Negulici's dictionary of 1848 has insultă, glossed “attack; affront, mockery, abuse”.[9]

Semantic evolution

Negulici's glosses and Șăineanu's dictionary of 1929 still give the sense “sudden attack” beside “offence in words or deeds”.[9][10] The DA cites Hamangiu's civil code for an insult that may be slight or grave, and quotations from Maiorescu.[7] Today the word means only an offence in words or deeds.[2][11] The verb insulta, after French and Latin, is recorded from 1866, and Alecsandri used insultarisi, made on a Modern Greek model.[3][7]

Timeline

  • c. 1830 – the first record.[6]
  • 1848 – insultă in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms.[9]
  • 1866 – the verb insulta in Maiorescu's parliamentary speeches.[3]
  • 1897 – in Hamangiu's civil code.[3]

Meanings

Noun

  1. An insult: a word or deed that offends someone; an affront.[2][3]
  2. (dated) A sudden attack.[10]
  • insulta

Usage notes

The noun insultă is stressed on the second syllable, like the third person singular of the verb, (el) insultă.[2][1] The plural is insulte.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 513
  3. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1145
  4. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. insultă
  5. ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria, p. s.v. insultă
  6. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. insúltă
  7. ^ a b c Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. insultă
  8. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 648
  9. ^ a b c Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. s.v. insultă
  10. ^ a b Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 333
  11. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. insultă

Related etymologies

  • cap · also from French
  • dura · also from French
  • pur · also from French
  • pană · also from French
  • pat · also from French
  • masă · also from French
  • lac · also from French
  • primar · also from French
Cite this entry

“Insultă.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/insult%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.

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