100–1 BC

Romanian words from Latin words first recorded in the 1st century BC

84 Romanian words inherited from a Latin word whose earliest known written record dates from the 1st century BC, earliest Latin record first (page 2).

pleca
60 BC–55 BC

from Latin plico

It is inherited from Latin plicō (“to fold”). The word survives in Aromanian and Megleno-Romanian as Aromanian plec and Megleno-Romanian plec, both meaning “to bend” and “to leave”. Its Romance…
plânge
60 BC–55 BC

from Latin plango

It is inherited from Latin plangō (“to strike; to beat one's breast, lament”). It survives in all four branches: Aromanian plângu, Megleno-Romanian plǫng and Istro-Romanian plấnže. Its Romance…
roade
60 BC–55 BC

from Latin rodo

It is inherited from Latin rōdō (“to gnaw”). DÉRom reconstructs it for Proto-Romance with the sense “to wear away with the teeth bit by bit”. The word survives in all four branches: Aromanian arod…
stupă
60 BC–55 BC

from Latin stuppa

1. The word for tow is inherited from Latin stuppa (“coarse flax or hemp, tow”). Latin took it from Ancient Greek στύππη (stúppē). Ciorănescu cites Pușcariu, Philippide and the REW, and compares…
subțire
60 BC–55 BC

from Latin subtilis

It is inherited from Latin subtīlis (“fine in texture, thin”). The Latin word was apparently formed on sub (“under”) and tēla (“web”) and was first a weaving term. Pușcariu considered supțire the…
măsură
58 BC–44 BC

from Latin mensura

It is inherited from Latin mēnsūra (“measuring, measure”). The Latin noun is formed on mētior (“to measure”) with -tūra. The word survives south of the Danube: Aromanian misură and Megleno-Romanian…
vale
58 BC–44 BC

from Latin vallis

It is inherited from Latin vallis (“valley”). It survives in all four branches: Aromanian vale, Megleno-Romanian vali and Istro-Romanian vǫle. Its Romance cognates include Italian valle, Spanish…
învoalbe
58 BC–44 BC

from Latin involvo

It is inherited from Latin involvō (“to roll up, wrap”), itself from in- and volvō (“to roll”). Tiktin notes a change of conjugation in the variant învolba; other variants are volba and învolbi. The…
încări
57 BC–12 BC

from Latin incalesco

It is inherited from Latin incalēscō (“to grow warm”), which passed into the fourth conjugation, as Latin inchoative verbs did in Romanian. MDA2 gives the same etymon, and Tiktin starts from the…
mânie
51 BC–48 BC

from Latin mania

DEX, Ciorănescu and Wiktionary take it as inherited from Latin mania (“madness”), a popular Latin word, which is from Ancient Greek μανία (manía, “madness, frenzy”). The Greek noun belongs with the…
căprior
50 BC

from Latin capreolus

It is inherited from Latin capreolus (“roe deer; rafter”). DEX gives the Latin form as capriolus. The Latin word is formed on caprea (“roe deer”) with the diminutive suffix -olus, and it already…
rug
50 BC

from Latin rubus

1. The word for the bramble is inherited from Latin rubus (“bramble, blackberry bush”). The Latin /b/ between vowels became /g/ here, as in neg and negură. The Latin noun is traced to…
imos
49 BC–1 BC

from Latin limosus

It is inherited from Latin līmōsus (“muddy, slimy”), formed on līmus (“mud, slime”). Candrea and Densusianu take it from the Latin word, with its sound shaped by im “mud”. Tiktin and DLRLV instead…
scândură
46 BC–43 BC

from Latin scandula

It is inherited from Latin scandula (“shingle”). The word survives in Aromanian scãndurã and Megleno-Romanian scǫndură. Its Romance cognates include Catalan escandia, Spanish escanda and Portuguese…
lepăda
45 BC–40 BC

from Latin lapido

It is probably inherited from Latin lapidō (“to throw stones at, to stone”), a verb formed on lapis (“stone”). Tiktin calls the change of meaning remarkable. Ciorănescu grants that the sense is the…
păsa
44 BC–35 BC

from Latin penso

1. The word for “to care, matter” is inherited from Latin pēnsō (“to weigh”), the frequentative of pendō (“to hang, weigh”). Ciorănescu, following Pușcariu, Candrea–Densusianu and the REW, takes it…
îndura
43 BC–18

from Latin induro

It is inherited from Latin indūrō (“to make hard, harden”), formed on dūrus (“hard”). DEX takes the sense “to endure” partly from French endurer. Pușcariu, Candrea and Densusianu, and the REW give…
ferigă
42 BC–19 BC

from Latin filix

It is inherited from Latin filix (“fern, bracken”), continued from its accusative filicem. Ciorănescu cites Pușcariu, Candrea–Densusianu and the DAR for this etymology. The Latin noun names any…
lut
42 BC–19 BC

from Latin lutum

It is inherited from Latin lutum (“mud, dirt, clay”). The word survives in all four branches: Aromanian lut, Megleno-Romanian lut and Istro-Romanian lut. Its Romance cognates include Italian loto…
suvoalbe
42 BC–19 BC

from Latin subvolvo

It is probably inherited from Latin subvolvere (“to roll up, raise”), from sub- and volvō (“to roll”). Candrea and Densusianu explain the meaning from “to bend, bring down”, said of someone one…
urm
42 BC–19 BC

from Latin ornus

It is inherited from Latin ornus (“manna ash”), with its form changed after ulm “elm”. Tiktin thinks it probably a book word. Cihac compared Italian orno, Spanish orno and French orne. De Vaan…
ajutor
20 BC–30

from Latin adiutorium

It is inherited from Latin adiūtōrium (“help, assistance”). DER cites Cipariu, Pușcariu, Candrea and Densusianu, the REW and Rosetti for this etymology, and treats the noun “help” and the noun…
aripă
15 BC–50

from Latin alapa

In most dictionaries it is inherited from Latin alapa (“a slap”), with a sense “something that flaps, a blade” that the Romance forms presuppose: French aube and Occitan aubo “paddle of a water…
burete
4 BC–65

from Latin boletus

It is inherited from Latin bōlētus (“mushroom”), probably through a form *bōlētis, closer to Ancient Greek βωλίτης (bōlítēs). The Latin word comes from the Greek one. Another explanation, given by…

All Romanian words inherited from Latin, by century →