fotografia

Forms

fotografia (first-person singular present fotografiez, third-person singular present fotografiază, past participle fotografiat), 1st conjugation^[1][2] MDA2 records a Transylvanian variant fotografa.^[3] In the Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet the word was written фотография.^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French photographier.^{[3][2][4][5][1]} It belongs with the noun fotografie, from French photographie.^[6][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Pontbriant's Romanian–French dictionary of 1862 has the verb a fotografia, glossed photographier.^[7] Damé's dictionary of the 1890s gives its conjugation, with the present fotografiez.^[8]

Semantic evolution

The verb means to fix the image of a person, object or landscape on a plate or film with a camera, and to take a photograph.^[2][3] From this came a figurative sense, to reproduce something as faithfully as possible, and in card players' slang “to cut (the deck)”.^[3] The action noun is the long infinitive fotografiere.^[2]

Timeline

• 1862 – fotografia (a) in Pontbriant's dictionary.^[7]
• 1875 – in Antonescu's Romanian–French dictionary.^[9]
• 1893–1895 – the present fotografiez in Damé's dictionary.^[8]

Meanings

Verb

1. To photograph: to fix the image of a person, object or landscape on a plate or film with a camera.^[2][3]
2. (figurative) To reproduce something as faithfully as possible.^[3]
3. (slang, card games) To cut the deck.^[3]

Word family

• fotografiere

Related words

• fotografie
• fotograf
• French photographier

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 409
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 934
4. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România
5. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
6. ^ Wikționar (Romanian Wiktionary), ro.wiktionary.org
7. ^ a b Pontbriant, Raoul de (1862), Dictiunaru romano-francesu, Bucuresci: A. Ulrich / Göttingen: Dieterich, p. 271
8. ^ a b Damé, Frédéric (1893–1895), Nouveau dictionnaire roumain-français, 4 vols., Bucarest: Imprimerie de l'État
9. ^ Antonescu, G. M. (1875), Dictionariu romanu-francesu, Bucuresci: Typografia Curții (Lucrători Associați), p. 106