adunare

Forms

adunare f (plural adunări)^[1]

Etymology

It is the long infinitive of aduna, formed from Romanian aduna + -re.^[1][2][3][4] The DA describes it as the infinitive turned into an abstract noun and then partly made concrete.^[5] The verb continues Late Latin adūnō, from ad- and ūnus (“one”).^[6][3][7] It has cognates in Italian adunare, Spanish aunar and Old French auner.^[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELR's first record is a Coresi print of 1567–1568, in the sense of a gathering of people with a common aim.^[6] The verb aduna is older, recorded in the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki of the early 16th century.^[6] Tiktin's first record is the Palia de la Orăștie (1581–1582): „Și în adunarea lor nu fie slava mea” “and let my glory not be in their assembly” (Genesis 49:6).^[4]

Semantic evolution

Of things, the word meant gathering, harvesting and a collection: the Bible of 1688 calls the seas „adunările apelor” “the gatherings of the waters”.^[4][8][5] Of people, the DA traces several senses: a chance crowd, a meeting or audience in the chroniclers, a private party or soirée, and a body that takes public decisions.^[5] The 17th-century Slavonic–Romanian lexicons use it for Old Church Slavonic съборъ (sŭborŭ) and сонмъ (sonmŭ).^[9] A verse of the Psalms shows the range of choices: where Dosoftei has adunare, Coresi (1577) has zborul and Silvestru (1651) sfatul.^[5]

In the 19th century it became the word for representative bodies: Hasdeu notes that the Organic Regulation of 1831 named the old estates Adunare Obștească, and adunarea deputaților was the Chamber of Deputies.^[5][4] The arithmetical sense “addition” is also recorded in the DA.^[5][10]

Timeline

• early 16th century – the verb aduna in the Psaltirea Hurmuzaki.^[6]
• 1567–1568 – adunare in a Coresi print, the first record.^[6]
• 1581–1582 – adunarea “assembly” in the Palia de la Orăștie.^[4]
• 1649 – in Mardarie's Slavonic–Romanian lexicon.^[9]
• 1688 – „adunările apelor” in the Bucharest Bible.^[8][4]
• 1776 – „adunările omenești” “gatherings of men” in a Mineiul.^[5]
• 1831 – the Adunare Obștească of the Organic Regulation.^[5]
• 1844 – the Italianism adunanță “assembly”.^[6]

Meanings

Noun

1. The act of gathering or collecting, and its result.^[10][2]
2. (arithmetic) addition: the operation that sums several numbers into one.^[10][2]
3. A meeting of several people to discuss matters of common interest; the group so gathered, an assembly.^[10][1]
4. An elected body: adunare constituantă “constituent assembly”, adunare legislativă “legislative assembly”, Adunarea Națională “National Assembly”.^[10][2]
5. (obsolete) A meeting or encounter between people.^[2]

Related words

• aduna
• adunător
• adunătură

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 19
3. ^ a b c Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. aduna
4. ^ a b c d e f Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. adunare
5. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. adunare
6. ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. aduna
7. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 209
8. ^ a b Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a ceii vechi și a ceii noao leage, București, 1688 (ed. 1988, tricentennial edition), p. Facerea 1:10
9. ^ a b Ungureanu, Mădălina; Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Moruz, Alexandru (eds.), eRomLex: The First Romanian Bilingual Dictionaries (17th century), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. s.v. adunare
10. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 15