aduno

Forms

adūnō (present infinitive adūnāre, perfect active adūnāvī, supine adūnātum); first conjugation^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin ad- + ūnus (“one”).^[1][2]

Earliest recorded meaning

Lewis and Short find it several times in Justin's epitome of history, where the whole fleet is “made one”, that is, gathered, and otherwise rarely except in the Christian writers; they also cite it from Palladius and Lactantius.^[3]

Semantic evolution

It meant to make one, unite, join, and to bring together, assemble;^[3][2][4] Georges notes that the perfect participle is the most common form.^[3][2][4] In Church Latin it meant to unite and gather together.^[5]

In medieval texts it was used of calling people together, an assembly or an army, of joining people to a group, and of joining things;^[6][7] Gregory of Tours speaks of things that had been gathered in a basilica.^[6][7] Hungarian sources also use it of adding up a sum, and the participle adunatus of what is common or of the same kind.^[8]

Timeline

• c. 250–317 AD – Lactantius uses it.^[3][9]
• end of the 4th century AD – The Asclepius ascribed to Apuleius has it.^[4][9]
• end of the 4th or beginning of the 5th century AD – Palladius uses it.^[3][9]
• 538/539–594 AD – Gregory of Tours speaks of things gathered in a basilica.^[7][9]
• 613–658 – Fredegar's chronicle has a king order all the Goths to assemble at Toledo.^[6][9]
• 1319 – A Hungarian charter uses it of a stream joining another.^[8]

Meanings

Verb

1. To make one, unite, join.^{[3][2][4][10]}
2. To bring together, assemble, gather.^[11][5][3]
3. (Medieval Latin) To call together, convene (an assembly, an army).^[6][8]
4. (Medieval Latin) To add up, total.^[8]

Word family

• adūnātiō
• coadūnō

Related words

• ūnus

Usage notes

Lewis and Short note that Nonius' reading adunatam in Cicero's De officiis is a mistake for adiunctam.^[3]

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ a b c d Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
5. ^ a b Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
6. ^ a b c d Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch bis zum ausgehenden 13. Jahrhundert (1967–), Munich: C. H. Beck; Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
7. ^ a b c Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
8. ^ a b c d Bartal, Antal, et al. (1987–), Lexicon Latinitatis Medii Aevi Hungariae, Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó; online ed. ELTE
9. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
10. ^ Conte, Gian Biagio; Pianezzola, Emilio; Ranucci, Giuliano (2010), il Latino: Vocabolario della lingua latina, 3rd ed., Florence: Le Monnier
11. ^ VoLat: Vocabolario della Lingua Latina (2018), Milan: Hoepli