acord

Forms

acord n (plural acorduri)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French accord, with Italian accordo as a second model: MDA2, DEX and Tiktin name both languages.^[2][3][4][1] Ciorănescu and the DA give French alone, and Wikționar gives French with the Italian compared.^[5][6][7] The verb acorda came from French accorder and is recorded from 1794.^[8]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELR's first record is Nicolae Costin's chronicle (1700–1712).^[8] The DA quotes the passage: the enemies sent a general to Prince Menshikov „cerând acord ca să se închine” “asking for terms so as to surrender”.^[6]

Semantic evolution

The first sense was agreement between parties, terms; the phrase a fi de acord “to agree” followed.^[6][4] Negulici's dictionary of 1848 gives both “union, agreement, convention” and the term of art, a harmony of sounds.^[9] Grammar took it for the agreement of words, physics for equal frequencies, and the planned economy for piecework pay, plată în acord.^[3][8][10]

Timeline

• 1700–1712 – the first record, in Nicolae Costin's chronicle.^[8][6]
• 1794 – the verb acorda.^[8]
• 1822 – in Bobb's dictionary.^[4]
• 1848 – acord and acordabil in Negulici's dictionary.^[9][8]

Meanings

Noun

1. An agreement between two or more parties, a convention; concord of views; approval: Au semnat un acord comercial.^[3][1]
2. In plată în acord: piecework pay, according to the work done.^[3][11]
3. (grammar) Grammatical concord in person, number, gender or case.^[3]
4. (physics) Equality of the frequencies of two or more systems; tuning.^[3]
5. (music) A chord: at least three notes sounded together in harmony.^[3][8]

Word family

• acorda
• acordabil
• acordaj
• acordant
• acordor
• dezacord
• dezacorda

Usage notes

Common phrases: a fi de acord “to agree”, a cădea de acord “to come to an agreement”, de comun acord “by common consent”, de acord! “agreed!”.^[3][2]

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 10
3. ^ a b c d e f g h DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 8
4. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. acord
5. ^ Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. acord
6. ^ a b c d Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. acord
7. ^ Wikționar (Romanian Wiktionary), ro.wiktionary.org
8. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. acord
9. ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. 14
10. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. acord
11. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. acord