împacheta

Forms

împacheta (third-person singular present împachetează, past participle împachetat), 1st conjugation^[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian în- + pachet, with the verb ending ⟨-a⟩.^[2][3][1] DEX and DILF compare French empaqueter, and CADE and Marcu give the French verb as its model.^[3][4][5][6]

Earliest recorded meaning

The earliest dictionary record is Damé's Romanian–French dictionary (1893–1895), which renders it with French empaqueter.^[7] MDA2's first record is a passage of Ibrăileanu.^[8]

Semantic evolution

The verb first meant to put something into a package and tie it up.^[2][7] From there it came to mean to pack things into a bag or crate for transport.^[3][8] A medical sense is to cover a sick part of the body with a compress of mud or paraffin.^[3] In slang the verb also means “to arrest”.^[9] In Transylvania the unprefixed pacheta was used in the same sense.^[2]

Timeline

• 1893–1895 – împacheta in Damé's dictionary.^[7]
• 1929 – împachetà “to put into a package” in Șăineanu.^[10]
• 1931 – in CADE, with French empaqueter as its model.^[5]

Meanings

Verb

1. (transitive) To wrap up or make a parcel of something, or to pack things into a bag or crate for transport, like ambala.^[3][11]
2. (transitive) To put a therapeutic compress of mud, paraffin and the like on a sick part of the body.^[3][8]
3. (slang) To arrest.^[9]

Word family

• împachetare
• împachetat

Related words

• pachet
• ambala
• French empaqueter

Usage notes

The present tense has the -ez suffix: împachetez, împachetează.^[3] The derivatives are împachetare “packing” and împachetat “packed”.^[2]

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. împacheta
3. ^ a b c d e f g DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 532
4. ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria
5. ^ a b Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. împacheta
6. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
7. ^ a b c Damé, Frédéric (1893–1895), Nouveau dictionnaire roumain-français, 4 vols., Bucarest: Imprimerie de l'État
8. ^ a b c Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1186
9. ^ a b Volceanov, George (2007), Dicționar de argou al limbii române, București: Niculescu
10. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 307
11. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional