Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word suspeitar

Confidence
Established
Formation
Inherited
First attested
1200s Cantigas de Santa Maria, spelt sospeytavan More words from the 13th century
Inherited from
Latin suspecto
Ultimate origin
Latin suspiciō
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin speciō
Latin suspiciō
Latin suspectō
Italian sospettare
Portuguese suspeitar
Spanish sospechar
French suspecter
Romanian suspecta
Derivations
From the same root
Latin aspiciō ← speciō
Latin circumspiciō ← speciō
Latin cōnspectus ← speciō
Latin cōnspiciō ← speciō
Latin cōnspicor ← speciō
Latin dēspiciō ← speciō
Latin dispiciō ← speciō
Latin haruspex ← speciō
Latin īnspiciō ← speciō
Latin intrōspiciō ← speciō
Latin perspiciō ← speciō
Latin prōspiciō ← speciō
Latin respiciō ← speciō
Latin retrospiciō ← speciō
Latin speciēs ← speciō
Latin specimen ← speciō
Latin spectō ← speciō
Latin spectrum ← speciō
Latin spectus ← speciō
Latin specula ← speciō
Latin speculum ← speciō
Romanian aștepta ← speciō
Romanian specie ← speciō
Latin suspectiō ← suspiciō
Latin suspectus ← suspiciō
Italian sospetto ← sospettare
Spanish sospecha ← sospechar

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /sus.pejˈta(ʁ)/, [sus.peɪ̯ˈta(h)][1]
  • São-Paulo: /sus.pejˈta(ɾ)/, [sus.peɪ̯ˈta(ɾ)][1]
  • Rio-de-Janeiro: /suʃ.pejˈta(ʁ)/, [suʃ.peɪ̯ˈta(χ)][1]
  • Caipira: /sus.pejˈta(ɻ)/, [sus.peɪ̯ˈta(ɻ)][1]

Forms

suspeitar (first-person singular present suspeito, first-person singular preterite suspeitei, past participle suspeitado)[1] Old Galician-Portuguese wrote sospeitar and sospeytar; the form with sus- is recorded from the 16th century.[2][3][4][1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin suspectō (“to look up at; to suspect”), written Old Galician-Portuguese sospeitar in the oldest texts.[2][3][1][5] The Latin verb is a frequentative of suspiciō (“to look up at”), formed on its participle suspectus.[1][6] The classical word for “to suspect” was suspicor; the frequentative took this sense in imperial Latin.[7]

The same Latin verb is Galician sospeitar, Spanish sospechar, Catalan sospitar and Italian sospettare.[8][9]

Earliest recorded meaning

The Cantigas de Santa Maria use the verb several times: sospeytavan o monge “they suspected the monk”, de mal o sospeitou “he suspected him of evil”, and another cantiga has sempre sospeitava que morress'affogado “always feared that he would drown”.[4] Houaiss dates sospeito and sospeytavan to the 13th century.[2]

Semantic evolution

Besides “to suspect, to mistrust”, the medieval verb meant “to fear” and, reflexive, “to suppose”, and a cantiga d'escarnho of Gil Perez Conde has sospeita-m' el e el eu “he suspects me and I him”.[4] Folqman (1755) and Morais (1813) give the modern pair of senses, “to conjecture” and “to distrust”.[10][11] Modern dictionaries add “to suspect someone of something” and “to foresee”.[2][12]

Timeline

  • 1200s – sospeito and sospeytavan; the Cantigas de Santa Maria use the verb several times.[2][4]
  • 1300s – ssospeytará.[2]
  • c. 1450 – sospeitar in the Livro das tres vertudes.[13]
  • 1500s – first record of the form suspeitar.[3]
  • 1575 – sospeytando in a private letter.[14]
  • 1712–1728 – Bluteau still enters the verb under sospeitar.[15]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To suspect, suppose or guess something from signs or clues: Suspeitava que lhe escondiam a verdade.[2][16][1]
  2. To suspect someone of something; to cast suspicion on someone: suspeitaram-no de roubo.[2][12]
  3. (with de) To distrust; to think someone guilty: Suspeitavam do motorista.[2][17]
  4. To sense in advance; to foresee.[12][18]

Word family

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. suspeitar
  3. ^ a b c Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. suspeitar
  4. ^ a b c d Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. sospeitar
  5. ^ Silva Bastos, José Timóteo da (1912), Diccionario etymologico, prosodico e orthographico da lingua portugueza, Lisboa: Parceria António Maria Pereira, p. s.v. suspeitar
  6. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  7. ^ Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. sospechar
  8. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
  9. ^ García de Diego, Vicente (1985), Diccionario etimológico español e hispánico, 2nd ed., Madrid: Espasa-Calpe (1st ed. 1954), p. s.v. suspectare
  10. ^ Folqman, Carlos (1755), Diccionario portuguez, e latino, Lisboa: Régia Officina Silviana (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. suspeitar
  11. ^ Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 2, 743
  12. ^ a b c Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. suspeitar
  13. ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. sospeitar
  14. ^ CLUL (ed.) (2014), P.S. Post Scriptum: Arquivo Digital de Escrita Quotidiana em Portugal e Espanha na Época Moderna, Lisboa: Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, http://ps.clul.ul.pt, p. s.v. suspeitar
  15. ^ Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. suspeitar
  16. ^ Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. suspeitar
  17. ^ Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. suspeitar
  18. ^ Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. suspeitar

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Suspeitar.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/suspeitar. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

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