Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word seguro
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Inherited
- First attested
- 1200s Cantigas de Santa Maria More words from the 13th century
- Inherited from
- Latin securus
- Ultimate origin
- Latin sēcūrus
Etymology tree
Derivations
From the same root
Pronunciation
Forms
seguro (feminine segura, masculine plural seguros, feminine plural seguras, comparable, comparative mais seguro, superlative o mais seguro or seguríssimo)[1]
Etymology
It is inherited from Latin sēcūrus (“free from care, untroubled”), written Old Galician-Portuguese seguro in the oldest texts.[2][3][1] The Latin adjective is formed from sē- (“without”) and cūra (“care, anxiety”).[4][1] Houaiss calls the prefix an archaic form of sine (“without”).[2]
The same Latin word is Galician seguro, Spanish seguro, Catalan segur, Occitan segur, French sûr and Italian sicuro.[1][5] The REW also lists German sicher, and Wiktionary compares the English word sicker.[5][1]
Earliest recorded meaning
Houaiss dates the adjective to the 13th century from Cunha's slips of medieval Portuguese.[2] The Cantigas de Santa Maria speak of os que yan seguros pelos camỹos “those who went safe along the roads” and of a terra segura “the land at peace”.[6] The Crónica Troiana uses it for “sure, certain”, “firm, resolute” and “safe, calm”.[6]
Semantic evolution
The Latin sense “without worry” turned into “out of danger, safe” already in the medieval language, beside “certain” and “firm”.[6][2] Bluteau (1712–1728) distinguishes Portuguese seguro “free from danger”, Latin tutus, from Latin securus “carefree”.[7] Morais (1813) adds fazenda segura, goods whose risk an insurer has taken on, and montar seguro “to ride firmly”.[8]
As a noun, seguro meant a guarantee or certainty by about 1543, and in the 16th century the contract of insurance.[2] Houaiss notes that French assurance and the English word insurance, which render the Portuguese and Spanish noun, are of the same century.[2] Spanish records the noun about 1570 and its commercial sense in 1739.[9] In popular Portuguese use the adjective can also mean “stingy”.[10][11] The creoles of Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau have suguru.[1]
Timeline
- 13th century – seguro in the Cantigas de Santa Maria and the Crónica Troiana.[6][3]
- 14th century – the spelling sseguro.[2]
- c. 1430 – the earliest CTA text with the word, the Horto do Esposo.[12]
- c. 1543 – the noun “guarantee, certainty”.[2]
- 16th century – the noun “insurance contract”.[2]
- 1569 – Cardoso glosses it sen cuidado, Latin securus.[13]
- 1813 – first record of segurador “insurer”.[3]
- 1899 – first record of resseguro “reinsurance”.[3]
Meanings
Adjective
- safe, out of danger; protected: um lugar seguro.[2][14][1]
- sure, certain, beyond doubt: Tenho a certeza, é seguro que ele vem.[2][15][1]
- Self-confident; that does not hesitate: uma professora segura.[15][16][1]
- Firm, fixed, well fastened: O quadro ficou bem seguro na parede.[15][10]
- Reliable, trustworthy; effective: um método seguro.[15][17]
- Prudent, cautious.[15][10]
- (popular) stingy, tight-fisted.[10]
Noun
- insurance: a contract by which an insurer, for a premium, undertakes to pay for a loss or damage; the sum paid under it.[2][16][1]
- A guarantee, safeguard; a safe-conduct.[2][17]
Adverb
- Safely, securely.[1]
Word family
- segurar
- assegurar
- segurança
- seguridade
- inseguro
- insegurança
- segurado
- segurador
- resseguro
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. seguro
- ^ a b c d Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. seguro
- ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. sēcūrus
- ^ a b Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 7776
- ^ a b c d Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. seguro
- ^ Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. seguro
- ^ Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 2, 680
- ^ Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. seguro
- ^ a b c d Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 8368
- ^ Silva Bastos, José Timóteo da (1912), Diccionario etymologico, prosodico e orthographico da lingua portugueza, Lisboa: Parceria António Maria Pereira, p. s.v. seguro
- ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. seguro
- ^ Cardoso, Jerónimo (1569–1570), Dictionarium ex lusitanico in latinum sermonem, Lisboa: João Álvares (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. seguro
- ^ Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. seguro
- ^ a b c d e Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. seguro
- ^ a b Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. seguro
- ^ a b Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. seguro
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Seguro.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/seguro. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.
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