Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word seguro

Confidence
Established
Formation
Inherited
First attested
1200s Cantigas de Santa Maria More words from the 13th century
Inherited from
Latin securus
Ultimate origin
Latin sēcūrus
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin cūra
French cure
Italian cura
Portuguese cura
Spanish cura
Latin sēcūrus
French sûr
Italian sicuro
Portuguese seguro
Spanish seguro
Dutch zeker
English secure
German sicher
Derivations
From the same root
Latin cūrātīvus ← cūra
Latin cūriōsus ← cūra
Latin cūrō ← cūra
Latin incūria ← cūra
Latin assecurō ← sēcūrus
Latin insēcūrus ← sēcūrus
Latin sēcūrē ← sēcūrus
Latin sēcūritās ← sēcūrus
Old French enseurer ← sēcūrus
Spanish seguramente ← sēcūrus
French sûrement ← sûr
French sûreté ← sûr
Italian sicuramente ← sicuro
Italian sicurezza ← sicuro
Italian sicurtà ← sicuro
German Sicherheit ← sicher

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /siˈɡu.ɾu/, /seˈɡu.ɾu/[1]
  • Portugal: /sɨˈɡu.ɾu/, [sɨˈɣu.ɾu][1]
  • Portugal, Southern: /sɨˈɡu.ɾu/[1]

Forms

seguro (feminine segura, masculine plural seguros, feminine plural seguras, comparable, comparative mais seguro, superlative o mais seguro or seguríssimo)[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin sēcūrus (“free from care, untroubled”), written Old Galician-Portuguese seguro in the oldest texts.[2][3][1] The Latin adjective is formed from sē- (“without”) and cūra (“care, anxiety”).[4][1] Houaiss calls the prefix an archaic form of sine (“without”).[2]

The same Latin word is Galician seguro, Spanish seguro, Catalan segur, Occitan segur, French sûr and Italian sicuro.[1][5] The REW also lists German sicher, and Wiktionary compares the English word sicker.[5][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss dates the adjective to the 13th century from Cunha's slips of medieval Portuguese.[2] The Cantigas de Santa Maria speak of os que yan seguros pelos camỹos “those who went safe along the roads” and of a terra segura “the land at peace”.[6] The Crónica Troiana uses it for “sure, certain”, “firm, resolute” and “safe, calm”.[6]

Semantic evolution

The Latin sense “without worry” turned into “out of danger, safe” already in the medieval language, beside “certain” and “firm”.[6][2] Bluteau (1712–1728) distinguishes Portuguese seguro “free from danger”, Latin tutus, from Latin securus “carefree”.[7] Morais (1813) adds fazenda segura, goods whose risk an insurer has taken on, and montar seguro “to ride firmly”.[8]

As a noun, seguro meant a guarantee or certainty by about 1543, and in the 16th century the contract of insurance.[2] Houaiss notes that French assurance and the English word insurance, which render the Portuguese and Spanish noun, are of the same century.[2] Spanish records the noun about 1570 and its commercial sense in 1739.[9] In popular Portuguese use the adjective can also mean “stingy”.[10][11] The creoles of Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau have suguru.[1]

Timeline

  • 13th century – seguro in the Cantigas de Santa Maria and the Crónica Troiana.[6][3]
  • 14th century – the spelling sseguro.[2]
  • c. 1430 – the earliest CTA text with the word, the Horto do Esposo.[12]
  • c. 1543 – the noun “guarantee, certainty”.[2]
  • 16th century – the noun “insurance contract”.[2]
  • 1569 – Cardoso glosses it sen cuidado, Latin securus.[13]
  • 1813 – first record of segurador “insurer”.[3]
  • 1899 – first record of resseguro “reinsurance”.[3]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. safe, out of danger; protected: um lugar seguro.[2][14][1]
  2. sure, certain, beyond doubt: Tenho a certeza, é seguro que ele vem.[2][15][1]
  3. Self-confident; that does not hesitate: uma professora segura.[15][16][1]
  4. Firm, fixed, well fastened: O quadro ficou bem seguro na parede.[15][10]
  5. Reliable, trustworthy; effective: um método seguro.[15][17]
  6. Prudent, cautious.[15][10]
  7. (popular) stingy, tight-fisted.[10]

Noun

  1. insurance: a contract by which an insurer, for a premium, undertakes to pay for a loss or damage; the sum paid under it.[2][16][1]
  2. A guarantee, safeguard; a safe-conduct.[2][17]

Adverb

  1. Safely, securely.[1]

Word family

  • segurar
  • assegurar
  • segurança
  • seguridade
  • inseguro
  • insegurança
  • segurado
  • segurador
  • resseguro

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. seguro
  3. ^ a b c d Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. seguro
  4. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. sēcūrus
  5. ^ a b Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 7776
  6. ^ a b c d Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. seguro
  7. ^ Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. seguro
  8. ^ Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 2, 680
  9. ^ Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. seguro
  10. ^ a b c d Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 8368
  11. ^ Silva Bastos, José Timóteo da (1912), Diccionario etymologico, prosodico e orthographico da lingua portugueza, Lisboa: Parceria António Maria Pereira, p. s.v. seguro
  12. ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. seguro
  13. ^ Cardoso, Jerónimo (1569–1570), Dictionarium ex lusitanico in latinum sermonem, Lisboa: João Álvares (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. seguro
  14. ^ Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. seguro
  15. ^ a b c d e Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. seguro
  16. ^ a b Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. seguro
  17. ^ a b Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. seguro

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Seguro.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/seguro. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

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