Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word possessivo
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1540 João de Barros, spelt possessiuo More words from the 16th century
- Borrowed from
- Latin possessivus
- Ultimate origin
- Latin possideō
Etymology tree
From the same root
Pronunciation
Forms
possessivo (feminine possessiva, masculine plural possessivos, feminine plural possessivas)[1]
Etymology
It is borrowed from Latin possessīvus (“denoting possession”), first a term of grammar.[2][3][4][1] The Latin adjective is formed from possideō (“to possess”) with the suffix -īvus, and the grammarians used it of possessive pronouns and adjectives and of the genitive case.[1][5] The verb is a compound of potis (“able”) and sedeō (“to sit”).[1] The same Latin verb gave possuir and possessão.[2][1]
Earliest recorded meaning
Houaiss's first record is João de Barros, in 1540, spelt possessiuo;[2][3] Cunha too dates the word to the 16th century.[2][3] It was a term of grammar for the words that indicate a possessor.[2][6]
Semantic evolution
For three centuries the dictionaries give it only as a grammatical term: Bluteau describes the possessive pronouns meu, teu, seu, nosso, vosso and the possessive adjectives formed from names, Folqman calls it a term of grammar, and Morais adds the caso possessivo, the Latin genitive, which Portuguese expresses with de.[6][7][8] Vieira also records it as a noun, um possessivo.[9] The sense of a person who wants to keep everything, and of a jealous lover who gives no freedom to the one he loves, belongs to the modern dictionaries, partly as a term of psychology.[2][10][11]
Timeline
- 1540 – first record, spelt possessiuo.[2]
- 1712–1728 – Bluteau defines the possessive pronouns and adjectives.[6]
- 1755 – Folqman glosses it with Latin possessivus.[7]
- 1813 – Morais adds caso possessivo for the genitive.[8]
- 1871–1874 – Vieira records it as a noun too.[9]
Meanings
Adjective
- Wanting to own everything and to share nothing; selfish (egoísta).[2][12]
- Having a strong sense of ownership over a loved one; jealous (ciumento), not leaving them free.[2][10][1]
- (grammar) Indicating possession (posse): pronome possessivo, adjetivo possessivo.[2][11][1]
Noun
- A possessive person.[2][10][1]
- (grammar) A possessive pronoun or determiner, such as meu, teu, seu.[11][10]
- (grammar) The genitive (genitivo) case.[2][10]
Word family
- possessividade
- possessivamente
Related words
- possessão
- possesso
- possessor
- possuir
- Latin possessīvus
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. possessivo
- ^ a b c Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. possessivo
- ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. possessivo
- ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. s.v. possessivus
- ^ a b c Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. possessivo
- ^ a b Folqman, Carlos (1755), Diccionario portuguez, e latino, Lisboa: Régia Officina Silviana (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. possessivo
- ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 2, 476
- ^ a b Vieira, Frei Domingos (1871–1874), Grande Diccionario Portuguez ou Thesouro da lingua portugueza, 5 vols., Porto: Ernesto Chardron e Bartholomeu H. de Moraes, p. 4, 861
- ^ a b c d e Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. possessivo
- ^ a b c Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. possessivo
- ^ Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. possessivo
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Possessivo.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/possessivo. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.
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