mover

Forms

mover (first-person singular present movo, first-person singular preterite movi, past participle movido)^[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin moveō (“to set in motion, move”), written Old Galician-Portuguese mover in the oldest texts.^[2][3][1][4]

The same Latin verb is Galician mover, Spanish mover, Catalan moure, French mouvoir and Italian muovere.^[5][1][6]

The Latin verb goes back to a root Proto-Indo-European *m(y)ewh₁- (“to move”) by Wiktionary's reconstruction; de Vaan posits *meuH- and compares Sanskrit and Baltic verbs for pushing and bathing.^[1][7] Its Latin derivatives include mōtus (“motion”) and mōbilis (“movable”).^[7]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss dates the verb to the 13th century.^[2] In the Cantigas de Santa Maria it is transitive, as in o vento moveu as ondas “the wind moved the waves”; it is also to induce someone to act, and, intransitively, to set out: quando moveu de Roma “when he left Rome”.^[3]

Semantic evolution

The medieval sense “to set out, depart”, often of an army (fez ssa oste mover), was shared with Old Spanish and Old French and with Medieval Latin.^[3][8][9] The troubadours also used mover ũa razon, to put forward an argument.^[3] Houaiss dates the figurative sense, to stir someone's feelings or move them to act, to the 14th century.^[2]

Folqman (1755) gives mover huma demanda, to bring a lawsuit, and also a sense “to miscarry”.^[10] Morais (1813) records raising doubts, lawsuits or war, and proposing a matter in council.^[11] Today the verb is used of physical movement, of starting an action, of stirring emotions, and in law of filing a suit against someone.^[2][1]

Timeline

• 1200s – first records; the Cantigas de Santa Maria use it for moving things, for persuading and for setting out.^[2][3]
• 1300s – the form mouia; first date of the figurative sense “to stir, move to act”.^[2]
• 1611 – Barbosa renders it with Latin moveo.^[12]
• 1755 – Folqman records mover huma demanda and the sense “to miscarry”.^[10]
• 1813 – Morais records mover duvidas, demandas, questões, guerra.^[11]

Meanings

Verb

1. To set in motion; to move a part of the body: Não conseguia mover a perna.^[2][1]
2. To shift from its place; to deslocar or transfer.^[2][13]
3. (reflexive) To move oneself; to go from one place to another.^[2][14]
4. To set off or start (an action); to stir up, provoke: mover guerra.^[2][11]
5. To induce or persuade; to drive someone to act.^[2][1]
6. To stir the feelings of; to comover.^[2][15]
7. (law, with contra) To bring a lawsuit against someone: mover uma ação contra a empresa.^[2][1]
8. (chess and other games) To move a piece.^[1]
9. (intransitive) To leave, go away.^[14][13]

Word family

• movediço
• movedor
• movimento
• movível
• movimentar

Related words

• comover
• móvel
• moveleiro
• motor
• promover
• remover
• Latin moveō
• Spanish mover

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. mover
3. ^ a b c d e Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. mover
4. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1966), Dicionário etimológico resumido, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional do Livro, p. s.v. mover
5. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. s.v. movēre
6. ^ Nascentes, Antenor (1955), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, vol. 1: Nomes comuns, Rio de Janeiro (1st ed. 1932, preface by W. Meyer-Lübke), p. s.v. mover
7. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
8. ^ Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1980–1991), Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, 6 vols., Madrid: Gredos, p. 4, 169
9. ^ Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill
10. ^ a b Folqman, Carlos (1755), Diccionario portuguez, e latino, Lisboa: Régia Officina Silviana (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. mover
11. ^ a b c Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 2, 325
12. ^ Barbosa, Agostinho (1611), Dictionarium lusitanicolatinum, Braga: Fructuoso Lourenço de Basto (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. mover
13. ^ a b Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. mover
14. ^ a b Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. mover
15. ^ Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 6346