Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word embarcar

Confidence
Established
Formation
Derivation
First attested
1344 Crónica de 1344, as the participle embarcados More words from the 14th century
Ultimate origins
Portuguese em-,-arEgyptian bꜣjr
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris)
Latin bāris
Latin barca
Italian barca
French barque
Romanian barcă
Portuguese barca
Portuguese embarcar
Spanish barca
The word's journey
From the same root
French débarquer ← barca
French embarquer ← barca
Spanish embarcar ← barca

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /ẽ.baʁˈka(ʁ)/, [ẽ.bahˈka(h)], /ĩ.baʁˈka(ʁ)/[1]
  • São-Paulo: /ẽ.baɾˈka(ɾ)/, /ĩ.baɾˈka(ɾ)/[1]
  • Rio-de-Janeiro: /ẽ.baʁˈka(ʁ)/, [ẽ.baχˈka(χ)], /ĩ.baʁˈka(ʁ)/[1]
  • Caipira: /ẽ.baɻˈka(ɻ)/, /ĩ.baɻˈka(ɻ)/[1]

Forms

embarcar (first-person singular present embarco, first-person singular preterite embarquei, past participle embarcado)[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Portuguese em- + barca + -ar, literally “to put into a boat”.[2][3][4] Other dictionaries take the base to be barco instead.[5][6][1] The noun comes from Late Latin barca, which Cunha considers a word of Hispanic origin.[7][8] Wiktionary explains the Late Latin word as a syncope of *bārica, from Latin bāris.[9]

Earliest recorded meaning

Houaiss's first record is the participle embarcado in the 14th century, and the infinitive in the 15th.[2] Lorenzo cites the Crónica de 1344: e elles embarcados levantousse lhes ally hũa tal tenpestade “and when they had embarked such a storm rose against them there”.[10]

Semantic evolution

Nascentes notes that the verb first meant entering a boat and later widened its sense.[4] Morais in 1813 still defines it only for ships, with a figurative embarcar-se em algum negócio “to embark on some business”.[11] Figueiredo in 1899 extends it to getting on a train, and today it covers ships, trains, buses and aircraft.[12][2] Builders use it for setting a beam on the scaffold before it is put in place.[5][13] Brazilian slang added “to fall for a trick” and “to die”.[2][3]

Timeline

  • 1344 – embarcados in the Crónica de 1344.[10]
  • 15th century – first record of the infinitive.[2]
  • 1542 – ẽbarquar in a private letter.[14]
  • 1552 – first record of the noun embarcação.[15]
  • 1813 – Morais records the figurative embarcar-se em algum negócio.[11]
  • 1899 – Figueiredo extends it to boarding a train.[12]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To put people or goods aboard a vessel (navio) or other vehicle; to ship.[2][3][1]
  2. To go aboard a ship, train, bus or aircraft in order to travel; to embark, board.[2][3][1]
  3. (Brazil, informal) To be taken in by a trick: embarcou no conto do vigário.[2][3]
  4. (Brazil, slang) To die.[2][5][1]
  5. (construction) To set a beam on the scaffold before fixing it in place.[5][13]

Word family

  • embarcação
  • embarque
  • desembarcar

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. embarcar
  3. ^ a b c d e Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. embarcar
  4. ^ a b Nascentes, Antenor (1955), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, vol. 1: Nomes comuns, Rio de Janeiro (1st ed. 1932, preface by W. Meyer-Lübke), p. 169
  5. ^ a b c d Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. embarcar
  6. ^ Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. embarcar
  7. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. barca
  8. ^ Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. barca
  9. ^ Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. barca
  10. ^ a b Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. embarcar
  11. ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1813), Diccionario da lingua portugueza, 2nd ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Typographia Lacerdina, p. 1, 655
  12. ^ a b Figueiredo, Cândido de (1899), Novo diccionário da língua portuguesa, 1st ed., 2 vols., Lisboa: Tavares Cardoso & Irmão, p. 479
  13. ^ a b Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. embarcar
  14. ^ CLUL (ed.) (2014), P.S. Post Scriptum: Arquivo Digital de Escrita Quotidiana em Portugal e Espanha na Época Moderna, Lisboa: Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, http://ps.clul.ul.pt, p. s.v. embarcar
  15. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. embarcação
Cite this entry

“Embarcar.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/embarcar. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·