Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word bondade
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Inherited
- First attested
- 1200s Cantigas de Santa Maria More words from the 13th century
- Inherited from
- Latin bonitas
- Ultimate origin
- Latin bonus
Etymology tree
From the same root
Pronunciation
Forms
bondade f (plural bondades)[1] Houaiss records the medieval spellings bõdade and bondat in the 14th century and boondade in the 15th.[2] Letters of 1542 write bomdade.[3]
Etymology
It is inherited from Latin bonitās (“goodness, good quality”), written Old Galician-Portuguese bondade in the oldest texts.[2][4][5][1] The Latin noun is formed from bonus (“good”) with the suffix -tās.[6][1] Houaiss records the old spellings bõdade and bondat in the 14th century.[2]
The same Latin word is Spanish bondad, Catalan bondat, Occitan bontat, French bonté, Italian bontà and Romanian bunătate.[7][1]
The Latin adjective goes back to *dwenos (“good”), also seen in Faliscan; de Vaan suggests, with a question mark, a *duh₂-eno-.[8]
Earliest recorded meaning
The Cantigas de Santa Maria of Alfonso X (second half of the 13th century) use the word for the goodness of the Virgin: roguemos-lle pola sa bondade / que nos guarde “let us pray to her, by her goodness, to keep us”, and they call a woman moller sen bondade “a woman without virtue”.[9] The glossary of the Cancioneiro da Ajuda gives the senses “good nature, inclination to good, virtue”.[9]
Semantic evolution
In the medieval language the word meant moral excellence and the worth of a person: the Crónica Troiana speaks of two knights better en todas bondades than any others, and a satirical cantiga mocks a man dead sen prez e sen bondade, “without honour and without worth”.[9][10] Machado quotes a 14th-century text on falconry for the patience that is a great bondade in a hunter.[5]
Bluteau separates goodness as perfection, the inclination to do good and the goodness of God.[11] Morais (1789) gives the quality of being good, physically or morally, an act of kindness, courtesy or favour, and the plural bondades for good qualities and virtues.[12] The old Caldas Aulete adds the goodness of goods and of a cause.[13] The polite formula tenha a bondade “please” asks a favour.[2][14]
In the north and north-east of Brazil, popular speech uses the word in the opposite sense of “pride, arrogance”, so that um homem sem bondade is a man without airs.[2][15][16]
Timeline
- 13th century – first record, in the Cantigas de Santa Maria.[2][4][9]
- 14th century – the spellings bõdade and bondat; a text on falconry quoted by Machado.[2][5]
- c. 1430 – bondade in the Horto do Esposo.[17]
- 15th century – the spelling boondade.[2]
- 1611 – Barbosa's dictionary translates it with Latin bonitas and probitas.[18]
- 1789 – Morais lists the senses “act of humanity, courtesy, favour”.[12]
Meanings
Noun
- goodness, kindness: the quality of a person who is generous, feels for others and is inclined to do good: A bondade dela era conhecida em toda a aldeia.[2][16][1]
- A kind act.[2][16]
- Good quality in a thing: its fitness, excellence or usefulness.[2][19]
- courtesy, a kind or obliging attitude; hence tenha a bondade “please”.[2][14]
- indulgence, mildness, benevolência.[16][1]
- (northern and north-eastern Brazil, popular) Pride, arrogance.[2][15]
- (in the plural) Favours; words of praise.[2]
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. bondade
- ^ CLUL (ed.) (2014), P.S. Post Scriptum: Arquivo Digital de Escrita Quotidiana em Portugal e Espanha na Época Moderna, Lisboa: Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, http://ps.clul.ul.pt, p. s.v. bondade
- ^ a b Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. bondade
- ^ a b c Machado, José Pedro (1987), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., 5 vols., Lisboa: Livros Horizonte, p. s.v. bondade
- ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. bonitās
- ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 1206
- ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill, p. s.v. bonus
- ^ a b c d Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. bondade
- ^ Universo Cantigas: Glosario da poesía medieval profana galego-portuguesa, A Coruña: Instituto da Lingua e Literatura (ILLA), Universidade da Coruña, https://www.universocantigas.gal, p. s.v. bondade
- ^ Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. bondade
- ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 1, 189
- ^ Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. bondade
- ^ a b Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 1475
- ^ a b Navarro, Fred (2004), Dicionário do Nordeste, São Paulo: Estação Liberdade, p. s.v. bondade
- ^ a b c d Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. bondade
- ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. bondade
- ^ Barbosa, Agostinho (1611), Dictionarium lusitanicolatinum, Braga: Fructuoso Lourenço de Basto (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. bondade
- ^ Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. bondade
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Bondade.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/bondade. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.
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