Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word bondade

Confidence
Established
Formation
Inherited
First attested
1200s Cantigas de Santa Maria More words from the 13th century
Inherited from
Latin bonitas
Ultimate origin
Latin bonus
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin bonus
Aromanian bun
French bon
Italian buono
Portuguese bom
Romanian bun
Spanish bueno
English bonus
Romanian bonus
Latin bonitās
French bonté
Italian bontà
Portuguese bondade
Romanian bunătate
Spanish bondad
From the same root
Latin bonum ← bonus
Latin perbonus ← bonus
Romanian bunică ← bonus
Romanian înnebuni ← bonus
Romanian nebun ← bonus
French bonbon ← bon
French bonheur ← bon
French bonhomme ← bon
French bonjour ← bon
French bonne ← bon
French bonsoir ← bon
Italian buongiorno ← buono
Romanian bunic ← bun
Romanian nebunie ← bun
Romanian răzbuna ← bun
English bounty ← bonitās
Romanian îmbunătăți ← bunătate

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /bõˈda.d͡ʒi/[1]
  • Portugal: /bõˈda.dɨ/, [bõˈda.ðɨ][1]
  • Portugal, Southern: /bõˈda.dɨ/[1]

Forms

bondade f (plural bondades)[1] Houaiss records the medieval spellings bõdade and bondat in the 14th century and boondade in the 15th.[2] Letters of 1542 write bomdade.[3]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin bonitās (“goodness, good quality”), written Old Galician-Portuguese bondade in the oldest texts.[2][4][5][1] The Latin noun is formed from bonus (“good”) with the suffix -tās.[6][1] Houaiss records the old spellings bõdade and bondat in the 14th century.[2]

The same Latin word is Spanish bondad, Catalan bondat, Occitan bontat, French bonté, Italian bontà and Romanian bunătate.[7][1]

The Latin adjective goes back to *dwenos (“good”), also seen in Faliscan; de Vaan suggests, with a question mark, a *duh₂-eno-.[8]

Earliest recorded meaning

The Cantigas de Santa Maria of Alfonso X (second half of the 13th century) use the word for the goodness of the Virgin: roguemos-lle pola sa bondade / que nos guarde “let us pray to her, by her goodness, to keep us”, and they call a woman moller sen bondade “a woman without virtue”.[9] The glossary of the Cancioneiro da Ajuda gives the senses “good nature, inclination to good, virtue”.[9]

Semantic evolution

In the medieval language the word meant moral excellence and the worth of a person: the Crónica Troiana speaks of two knights better en todas bondades than any others, and a satirical cantiga mocks a man dead sen prez e sen bondade, “without honour and without worth”.[9][10] Machado quotes a 14th-century text on falconry for the patience that is a great bondade in a hunter.[5]

Bluteau separates goodness as perfection, the inclination to do good and the goodness of God.[11] Morais (1789) gives the quality of being good, physically or morally, an act of kindness, courtesy or favour, and the plural bondades for good qualities and virtues.[12] The old Caldas Aulete adds the goodness of goods and of a cause.[13] The polite formula tenha a bondade “please” asks a favour.[2][14]

In the north and north-east of Brazil, popular speech uses the word in the opposite sense of “pride, arrogance”, so that um homem sem bondade is a man without airs.[2][15][16]

Timeline

  • 13th century – first record, in the Cantigas de Santa Maria.[2][4][9]
  • 14th century – the spellings bõdade and bondat; a text on falconry quoted by Machado.[2][5]
  • c. 1430 – bondade in the Horto do Esposo.[17]
  • 15th century – the spelling boondade.[2]
  • 1611 – Barbosa's dictionary translates it with Latin bonitas and probitas.[18]
  • 1789 – Morais lists the senses “act of humanity, courtesy, favour”.[12]

Meanings

Noun

  1. goodness, kindness: the quality of a person who is generous, feels for others and is inclined to do good: A bondade dela era conhecida em toda a aldeia.[2][16][1]
  2. A kind act.[2][16]
  3. Good quality in a thing: its fitness, excellence or usefulness.[2][19]
  4. courtesy, a kind or obliging attitude; hence tenha a bondade “please”.[2][14]
  5. indulgence, mildness, benevolência.[16][1]
  6. (northern and north-eastern Brazil, popular) Pride, arrogance.[2][15]
  7. (in the plural) Favours; words of praise.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. bondade
  3. ^ CLUL (ed.) (2014), P.S. Post Scriptum: Arquivo Digital de Escrita Quotidiana em Portugal e Espanha na Época Moderna, Lisboa: Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, http://ps.clul.ul.pt, p. s.v. bondade
  4. ^ a b Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. bondade
  5. ^ a b c Machado, José Pedro (1987), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., 5 vols., Lisboa: Livros Horizonte, p. s.v. bondade
  6. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. bonitās
  7. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 1206
  8. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill, p. s.v. bonus
  9. ^ a b c d Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. bondade
  10. ^ Universo Cantigas: Glosario da poesía medieval profana galego-portuguesa, A Coruña: Instituto da Lingua e Literatura (ILLA), Universidade da Coruña, https://www.universocantigas.gal, p. s.v. bondade
  11. ^ Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. bondade
  12. ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 1, 189
  13. ^ Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. bondade
  14. ^ a b Porto Editora (2013), Grande Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, Porto: Porto Editora, p. 1475
  15. ^ a b Navarro, Fred (2004), Dicionário do Nordeste, São Paulo: Estação Liberdade, p. s.v. bondade
  16. ^ a b c d Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. bondade
  17. ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. bondade
  18. ^ Barbosa, Agostinho (1611), Dictionarium lusitanicolatinum, Braga: Fructuoso Lourenço de Basto (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. bondade
  19. ^ Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. bondade

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Bondade.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/bondade. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

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