Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Portuguese word bocado

Confidence
Established
Formation
Derivation
First attested
1200s Cantigas de Santa Maria More words from the 13th century
Ultimate origin
Latin bucca
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin bucca
Catalan boca
French bouche
Italian bocca
Portuguese boca
Portuguese bocado
Romanian bucă
Spanish boca
From the same root
Latin buccella ← bucca
Latin buccula ← bucca
French bouchée ← bouche
Italian boccale ← bocca
Italian imboccare ← bocca

Pronunciation

  • Brazil: /boˈka.du/, /buˈka.du/[1]
  • Portugal: /buˈka.du/, [buˈka.ðu][1]
  • Portugal, Southern: /buˈka.du/[1]

Forms

bocado m (plural bocados)[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Portuguese boca + -ado, “what fills the mouth”, and was already written Old Galician-Portuguese bocado in the oldest texts.[2][3][4][1] Machado derives it from bocada “what one takes with the mouth”, and DELPo from the verb bocar.[5][6] boca is from Latin bucca (“cheek”), a word of Celtic origin.[1][7]

Spanish has the same formation in Spanish bocado, from the second quarter of the 13th century, and there is also Italian boccata.[7][8] For the mouthful, the French word is morceau, from another image.[7][8]

Earliest recorded meaning

The word first appears as a nickname, Gunsalvo Gusalvi Bocado, in a Latin record of 1258.[5][9] The Cantigas de Santa Maria use it for a mouthful of food: a man ate nen bocado “not a mouthful”, and a glutton put os bocados into his mouth very often, grandes e desmesurados “large and excessive”.[9]

Semantic evolution

Barbosa (1611) already lists the senses “piece of anything” and “bite”.[10] Bluteau (1712–1728) records o bocado de Adaõ, the popular name of the thyroid cartilage in a man's throat.[11] Morais (1789) adds bons bocados “dainties”, the part of the bridle that goes into the horse's mouth, and figurative “a short stretch of time or way”.[12]

In Portugal um bocado means “a little, a while”, while in Brazil it can also mean “a lot”.[2][1] In northern Portugal bocado is also a small plot of land.[13]

Timeline

  • 1258 – Bocado as a nickname in a Latin record.[5]
  • 13th century – Cunha's century for the first record.[14]
  • 13th century, second half – the Cantigas de Santa Maria use bocado and bocados.[9]
  • 1513 – first record in the CTA, in the Livro dos Mártires.[15]
  • 1569 – Cardoso translates it by Latin bolus.[16]
  • 1611 – Barbosa adds “piece” and “bite”.[10]
  • 1712–1728 – Bluteau records o bocado de Adaõ.[11]
  • 1789 – Morais gives bons bocados and the bit of a bridle.[12]

Meanings

Noun

  1. A mouthful of food: Deu um bocado de pão ao cão.[2][3][1]
  2. A piece bitten off at once, a bite.[2][17]
  3. Food, one's daily sustenance.[2][3]
  4. A tasty dish, a delicacy;[2][18][1] bom bocado.[2][18][1]
  5. A piece or portion of anything; a small amount.[2][3][1]
  6. A short period of time: Espera aqui um bocado.[2][4]
  7. The part of the bridle (freio) that goes into the horse's mouth, the bit.[2][4]
  8. (Brazil, um bocado) A lot, much;[2][1] um bocado de “a great deal of”.[2][1]

Word family

  • bocadinho
  • bocadão
  • boca
  • bocal
  • embocar
  • bocada
  • Spanish bocado

Usage notes

Passar um mau bocado means “to go through a hard time”.[4][19] Bocado sem osso, “a mouthful without a bone”, is a bargain or a gain without effort.[18][17]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. bocado
  3. ^ a b c d Ferreira, Aurélio Buarque de Holanda, Novo dicionário Aurélio da língua portuguesa, digital edition, p. s.v. bocado
  4. ^ a b c d Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, revised online edition (2023–) of the Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa Contemporânea (2001), https://dicionario.acad-ciencias.pt, p. s.v. bocado
  5. ^ a b c Machado, José Pedro (1987), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., 5 vols., Lisboa: Livros Horizonte, p. s.v. bocado
  6. ^ NEHiLP – Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Etimologia e História da Língua Portuguesa, Universidade de São Paulo, DELPo: Dicionário Etimológico da Língua Portuguesa (online database), p. s.v. bocado
  7. ^ a b c Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. boca
  8. ^ a b Nascentes, Antenor (1955), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, vol. 1: Nomes comuns, Rio de Janeiro (1st ed. 1932, preface by W. Meyer-Lübke), p. 73
  9. ^ a b c Instituto da Lingua Galega, Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval (DDGM), ed. Ernesto González Seoane, Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/ddgm, p. s.v. bocado
  10. ^ a b Barbosa, Agostinho (1611), Dictionarium lusitanicolatinum, Braga: Fructuoso Lourenço de Basto (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. bocado
  11. ^ a b Bluteau, Raphael (1712–1728), Vocabulario portuguez e latino, 8 vols. + 2 supplement vols., Coimbra / Lisboa (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. bocado
  12. ^ a b Silva, António de Morais (1789), Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Rafael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado, 2 vols., Lisboa: Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, p. 1, 185
  13. ^ Instituto da Lingua Galega, Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (TLPGP), Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, https://ilg.usc.gal/tesouro, p. s.v. bocado
  14. ^ Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2010), Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa, 4th ed., Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, p. s.v. boca
  15. ^ Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, CTA – Corpus de Textos Antigos, https://teitok.clul.ul.pt/cta, p. s.v. bocado
  16. ^ Cardoso, Jerónimo (1569–1570), Dictionarium ex lusitanico in latinum sermonem, Lisboa: João Álvares (CLP transcription, Universidade de Aveiro), p. s.v. bocado
  17. ^ a b Michaelis: Moderno Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, São Paulo: Melhoramentos (online as Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa, https://michaelis.uol.com.br), p. s.v. bocado
  18. ^ a b c Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa: Priberam Informática, https://dicionario.priberam.org, p. s.v. bocado
  19. ^ Aulete, Francisco Júlio Caldas, Dicionário contemporâneo da língua portuguesa (1st ed. 1881), online as Aulete Digital, Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon, https://aulete.com.br, p. s.v. bocado

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Bocado.” Etymologically, 15 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/pt/bocado. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.

Last edited on . ·