Dutch words from Proto-West Germanic
284 Dutch words with Proto-West Germanic in their history, whether borrowed directly or passed on through other languages (page 3).
leggen
It is inherited from Middle Dutch leggen, inherited from Old Dutch *leggon, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *laggjan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *lagjan- (“to put, lay”). It is the causative…
lengte
It is inherited from Middle Dutch lengede, inherited from Old Dutch *lengitha, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *langiþu, inherited from Proto-Germanic *lang-idō- (“length”). The word is formed…
leren
1. The verb is inherited from Middle Dutch lêren, inherited from Old Dutch lēren (“to teach”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *laiʀijan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *laizijaną (“to teach”)…
lezen
It is inherited from Middle Dutch lesen, inherited from Old Dutch lesan (“to gather; to read”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *lesan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *lesaną (“to gather, pick”)…
lichaam
It is inherited from Middle Dutch lichame, inherited from Old Dutch lichamo, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *līkahamō, inherited from Proto-Germanic *līkahamô (“body, bodily frame”). It is a…
lichten
1. The verb for giving light is inherited from Middle Dutch lichten, inherited from Old Dutch liehten, inherited from Proto-Germanic *leuht-jan- (“to give light, shine”), a derivative of *leuh-ta-…
lid
1. The word for the limb is inherited from Middle Dutch lit, inherited from Old Dutch *lid, inherited from Proto-Germanic *liþuz. The same word is Old Saxon lið, Old High German lid (beside gilid…
lief
It is inherited from Middle Dutch lief, inherited from Old Dutch lief, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *leub, inherited from Proto-Germanic *leuba- (“dear, beloved”). The same adjective is Old…
liggen
It is inherited from Middle Dutch liggen, inherited from Old Dutch liggen, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *liggjan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną (“to lie”), from older *legjan-. The…
lijm
It is inherited from Middle Dutch lijm, inherited from Old Dutch *līm, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *līm, inherited from Proto-Germanic *līma-, originally “lime”. The same word is Old Saxon…
lopen
It is inherited from Middle Dutch lopen, inherited from Old Dutch lōpan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną (“to leap, run”). The same verb is Old…
lucht
It is inherited from Middle Dutch lucht (also locht, logt), inherited from Old Dutch *luft, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *luftu, inherited from Proto-Germanic *luftu-. The /ft/ became /cht/ as…
maaien
It is inherited from Middle Dutch mâyen (also maeyen, meyen), inherited from Old Dutch *māien, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *māan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *mēan- (“to mow”). The Germanic…
maal
1. The word for a time or occurrence is inherited from Middle Dutch mael (“moment, point in time”), inherited from Old Dutch *māl, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *māl, inherited from…
maand
It is inherited from Middle Dutch maent, inherited from Old Dutch mānoth, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *mānōþ, inherited from Proto-Germanic *mēnōþ- (“month”). The same word is Old Saxon…
made
It is inherited from Middle Dutch made, inherited from Old Dutch *matho, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *maþō, inherited from Proto-Germanic *maþan- (“maggot, worm”). The same word is Old Saxon…
maken
It is inherited from Middle Dutch maken, inherited from Old Dutch makon, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *makōn. The same verb is Old Saxon makōn, Old High German mahhōn (modern German machen)…
man
It is inherited from Middle Dutch man, inherited from Old Dutch man, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *mann, inherited from Proto-Germanic *mannan- (“man, person”). The same word is Old Saxon man…
mee
It is inherited from Middle Dutch mede, inherited from Old Dutch mithi, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *midi, inherited from Proto-Germanic *midi (“with, along”), which the EWN gives as ⟨*meda⟩…
meer
1. The noun meaning “lake” is inherited from Middle Dutch mere, inherited from Old Dutch meri, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *mari, inherited from Proto-Germanic *mari. The same word is Old…
meest
It is inherited from Middle Dutch meest, inherited from Old Dutch meist (“greatest”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *maist, inherited from Proto-Germanic *maista- (“most, greatest”). It has…
met
It is inherited from Middle Dutch met, inherited from Old Dutch mit (earlier miþ), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *midi, inherited from Proto-Germanic *midi (“with”). The preposition developed…
mijn
1. The possessive “my” is inherited from Middle Dutch mijn, inherited from Old Dutch mīn, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *mīn, inherited from Proto-Germanic *mīna-. It was originally the…
mis
1. The Mass is inherited from Middle Dutch misse, borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin missa (“Mass”), a Christian Latin word first found in 385. The Middle Dutch form ⟨messe⟩ is explained by De Vries…
moeder
It is inherited from Middle Dutch moeder, inherited from Old Dutch muoder, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *mōder, inherited from Proto-Germanic *mōdēr (“mother”). The same word is Old Saxon…
moes
It is inherited from Middle Dutch moes, inherited from Old Dutch muos, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *mōs, inherited from Proto-Germanic *mōsa- (“mushy food”). The same word is Old Saxon mōs…
moeten
It is inherited from Middle Dutch moeten, inherited from Old Dutch muotan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *mōtan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *mōtaną. The EWN gives the Proto-Germanic sense as…
mogen
It is inherited from Middle Dutch mogen, inherited from Old Dutch mugan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *magan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *maganą (“to be able”). The same verb is Old Saxon…
morgen
It is inherited from Middle Dutch morghen, inherited from Old Dutch morgan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *morgin, inherited from Proto-Germanic *murgana- (“morning”). The same word is Old…
na
It is inherited from Middle Dutch na, inherited from Old Dutch nāh, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *nāhw, inherited from Proto-Germanic *nēhw (“near”), an adverb formed from the adjective…
naam
It is inherited from Middle Dutch name, inherited from Old Dutch namo, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *namō, inherited from Proto-Germanic *namô (“name”). The same word is Old Saxon namo, Old…
naar
1. The preposition meaning “to, towards” is inherited from Middle Dutch naer, inherited from Old Dutch *nār, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *nāhuriʀ, inherited from Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz. It…
nacht
It is inherited from Middle Dutch nacht, inherited from Old Dutch naht, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *naht, inherited from Proto-Germanic *nahts (“night”), inherited from Proto-Indo-European…
nemen
It is inherited from Middle Dutch nēmen, inherited from Old Dutch neman, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *neman, inherited from Proto-Germanic *nemaną (“to take”). The same verb is Old Saxon…
net
1. The noun is inherited from Middle Dutch nette, inherited from Old Dutch *netti, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *nati, inherited from Proto-Germanic *natją (“net”). The same word is Old Saxon…
neus
It is inherited from Middle Dutch nuese (also nose), inherited from Old Dutch *nosa, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *nosu, inherited from Proto-Germanic *nusō. The same form is Middle Low German…
niet
1. It is inherited from Middle Dutch niet, earlier niwet, inherited from Old Dutch niewiht (“nothing”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *naiwwiht. It was formed from the negative particle…
nieuw
It is inherited from Middle Dutch nieuwe, inherited from Old Dutch niuwi, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *niwi, inherited from Proto-Germanic *niwjaz (“new”). The same word is Old Saxon niuwi…
nodig
It is inherited from Middle Dutch nôdich, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *naudīg, inherited from Proto-Germanic *naudīgaz (“necessary; forced”), a derivative of the noun Proto-Germanic *naudiz…
nog
It is inherited from Middle Dutch noch, inherited from Old Dutch noh (“until now, still”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *noh, inherited from Proto-Germanic *nuh (“still”). It was made from…
nou
It is inherited from Middle Dutch nou, a variant of nu, inherited from Old Dutch nu, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *nū, inherited from Proto-Germanic *nu (“now”). The same word is Old Saxon nū…
nu
It is inherited from Middle Dutch nû, inherited from Old Dutch nū, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *nū, inherited from Proto-Germanic *nu. The same word is Old Saxon nū, Old High German nū…
ogen
It is inherited from Middle Dutch ôghen, inherited from Old Dutch ôgen (“to show, point out”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *augijan, a verb formed from the word for eye. In the sense “to…
om
It is inherited from Middle Dutch ombe, inherited from Old Dutch umbi, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *umbi, inherited from Proto-Germanic *umbi. The Middle Dutch form became ⟨omme⟩ by…
onder
It is inherited from Middle Dutch onder, inherited from Old Dutch under, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *undar, inherited from Proto-Germanic *under (“under; among”). The same word is Old Saxon…
ontmoeten
It is inherited from Middle Dutch ontmoeten, in the east ⟨entmuten⟩ and ⟨untmuten⟩, formed from Middle Dutch ont- + moeten (“to meet”): the prefix ont-, which here marks the start of an action, on…
ook
It is inherited from Middle Dutch ooc, inherited from Old Dutch ōk, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *auk, inherited from Proto-Germanic *auk. The same word is Old Saxon ōk, Old High German ouh…
open
It is inherited from Middle Dutch open, inherited from Old Dutch opan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *opan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *upana- (“open”). The same word is Old Saxon opan, Old…
oud
It is inherited from Middle Dutch out, inherited from Old Dutch alt, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *ald, inherited from Proto-Germanic *aldaz (“grown, old”). The Old Dutch form became ⟨oud⟩ in…
over
It is inherited from Middle Dutch ōver, inherited from Old Dutch ovir, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *obar, inherited from Proto-Germanic *uber. The same word is Old Saxon oƀar, Old High German…
peil
It is inherited from Middle Dutch peyl, originally a Hollandic variant of peghel, which is inherited from Old Dutch pegil, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *pagil, inherited from Proto-Germanic…
raden
It is inherited from Middle Dutch râden, inherited from Old Dutch rādan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *rādan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *rēdaną (“to advise, to decide”). The same verb is…
redden
It is inherited from Middle Dutch redden, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hraddjan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hradjaną (“to save, rescue”). The same verb is Middle Low German redden, Old…
rijden
It is inherited from Middle Dutch rîden, inherited from Old Dutch rīdan (“to ride”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *rīdan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *rīdaną (“to ride”). The same strong…
rijp
1. The word for “ripe” is inherited from Middle Dutch ripe, inherited from Old Dutch rīp, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *rīpī, inherited from Proto-Germanic *rīpi-. The same word is Old Saxon…
roer
1. The word for the rudder is inherited from Middle Dutch roeder, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *rōþr, inherited from Proto-Germanic *rōþrą (“oar, rudder”). It was formed from the root of…
roeren
It is inherited from Middle Dutch roeren, inherited from Old Dutch ruoren, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hrōʀijan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hrōzijaną (“to set in motion”), a causative of…
samen
It is inherited from Middle Dutch tsamen, a contraction of tesamen, from Old Dutch tesaman: the adverb saman (“together”) with the preposition te. The adverb is inherited from Proto-West Germanic…
schaduw
It is inherited from Middle Dutch schaduwe beside the more common schade, inherited from Old Dutch skado, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *skadu, inherited from Proto-Germanic *skadwa-. The…
schat
It is inherited from Middle Dutch scat, inherited from Old Dutch skat, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *skatt, inherited from Proto-Germanic *skatta- (“wealth, property, cattle”). The same word…