Dutch words first recorded in the 10th century

It is inherited from Middle Dutch âvont, inherited from Old Dutch āvont, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *ābanþ, inherited from Proto-Germanic *ēbanþs (“evening”). The same word is Old Saxon…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch beginnen, inherited from Old Dutch biginnan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *biginnan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *biginnaną (“to begin”), made with the…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch betekenen, inherited from Old Dutch bitēkanen, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *bitaiknijan, formed with be- on a verb of the same meaning that survives as…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch beter, inherited from Old Dutch betiro, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *batiʀō, inherited from Proto-Germanic *batiza-. The same comparative is Old Saxon…

1. The preposition is inherited from Middle Dutch bi, inherited from Old Dutch bī, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *bī, inherited from Proto-Germanic *bi (“by, at”). The same word is Old Saxon…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch blîven, inherited from Old Dutch blīvan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *bilīban, inherited from Proto-Germanic *bilībaną (“to remain”). It was formed with the…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch bloet, inherited from Old Dutch bluot, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *blōd, inherited from Proto-Germanic *blōda- (“blood”). The same word is Old Saxon blōd…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch brengen (usually ⟨bringen⟩ in Middle Dutch), inherited from Old Dutch bringan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *bringan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *bringaną…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch daer, inherited from Old Dutch thār, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *þār, inherited from Proto-Germanic *þar. The same word is Old Saxon thār, Old High German…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch dach, inherited from Old Dutch dag, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *dag, inherited from Proto-Germanic *dagaz (“day”). The same word is Old Saxon dag, Old High…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch danc, inherited from Old Dutch thank, inherited from Proto-Germanic *þankaz (“thought; thanks”). The same word is Old Saxon thank, Old High German danc (modern…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch dat, inherited from Old Dutch that, inherited from Proto-Germanic *þat, the nominative and accusative neuter singular of the demonstrative pronoun die. The same…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch de, inherited from Old Dutch the, the unstressed form of the demonstrative pronoun die. In unstressed position the demonstrative, which had a long vowel, was…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch denken (also dinken), inherited from Old Dutch thenken, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *þankijan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *þankijaną (“to think”). The…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch dore, inherited from Old Dutch duri (“doors”), inherited from Proto-Germanic *durz (“door”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer- (“doorway, door, gate”). Kroonen…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch dinc, inherited from Old Dutch thing, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *þing, inherited from Proto-Germanic *þinga- (“meeting, case, thing”). The same word is Old…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch dochter, inherited from Old Dutch dohter, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *dohter, inherited from Proto-Germanic *duhtēr, inherited from Proto-Indo-European…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch dore, inherited from Old Dutch thuro, inherited from Proto-Germanic *þurhw (“through”). The same word is Old Saxon thuru, Old High German duruh (modern German…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch drinken, inherited from Old Dutch drinkan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *drinkaną (“to drink”). The same verb is Old Saxon drinkan, Old High German trinkan (modern…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch een, inherited from Old Dutch ēn, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *ain, inherited from Proto-Germanic *aina- (“one, alone”). The same word is Old Saxon ēn, Old…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch eens, inherited from Old Dutch einis, an adverbial genitive from Dutch een + -s, the genitive of the numeral. The same formation is Old Saxon ēnes, Old High German…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch arch or erch, inherited from Old Dutch arug, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *arg, inherited from Proto-Germanic *argaz (“unmanly, cowardly”). The change of ⟨a⟩…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch eten, inherited from Old Dutch etan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *etan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *etaną (“to eat”). The same verb is Old Saxon etan, Old…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch gâen, inherited from Old Dutch gān, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *gān, inherited from Proto-Germanic *gāną (“to go”). Kroonen sets up Proto-Germanic *gēn- and…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch geburen, inherited from Old Dutch giburen, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *gaburjan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *gaburjaną, formed with the prefix ge- on the…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch gelijc, inherited from Old Dutch gilīk, inherited from Proto-Germanic *galīkaz (“alike”). The Germanic adjective was formed with the prefix *ga-, Dutch ge-, from…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch gêven, inherited from Old Dutch gevan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *geban, inherited from Proto-Germanic *geban-. The same verb is Old Saxon geƀan, Old High…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch gheweldich, inherited from Old Dutch giweldig (“powerful”), formed from Old Dutch giwalt (“power”) + -ig. Its base noun, the ancestor of geweld, is a West Germanic…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch goet, inherited from Old Dutch guot, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *gōd, inherited from Proto-Germanic *gōdaz (“good”). The same word is Old Saxon gōd, Old…

1. The pronoun is inherited from Middle Dutch haer (also hare, huere), inherited from Old Dutch iro (later hiro), inherited from Proto-Germanic *iz- (“of her, of them”). It was at first the genitive…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch herte, inherited from Old Dutch herta, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hertā, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hertan- (“heart”). The same word is Old Saxon…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch hebben, inherited from Old Dutch hebon, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *habbjan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *habjaną. The double /bb/ of the infinitive comes…

1. The lord is inherited from Middle Dutch hêre, inherited from Old Dutch hērro, borrowed from Old High German hēriro (“ruler, man of rank”), originally the comparative of the adjective hēr (“old…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch hêet, inherited from Old Dutch heit, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hait, inherited from Proto-Germanic *haita- (“hot”). The same adjective is Old Saxon hēt…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch helpen, inherited from Old Dutch helpan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *helpan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *helpaną (“to help”). The same word is Old Saxon…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch hem, inherited from Old Dutch himo (more often imo), inherited from Proto-Germanic *himmai, originally the dative singular masculine and neuter of the third-person…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch het, inherited from Old Dutch it, inherited from Proto-Germanic *it, a pronoun found in all the Germanic languages. The same pronoun is Old Saxon it, Old High…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch hier, inherited from Old Dutch hier, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hēr, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hē₂r. The Wachtendonck Psalms have the longer Old Dutch…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch hoe, inherited from Old Dutch huo, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hwō. The same word is Old Saxon hwō, Old High German wuo, Old Frisian hū and Old English hū…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch hovet, inherited from Old Dutch hōvit, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *haubid, inherited from Proto-Germanic *haubudą (“head”). Middle Dutch ⟨hovet⟩ also became…

1. The heap is inherited from Middle Dutch hoop, inherited from Old Dutch *hōp, inherited from Proto-Germanic *haupa- (“heap, pile”). Old Dutch has it first in the derived verb hōpon (“to heap up”)…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch horen, inherited from Old Dutch hōren, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hauʀijan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną (“to hear”). The same word is Old…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch houden, earlier halden, inherited from Old Dutch haldan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *haldan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *haldaną. Its ⟨ou⟩ developed from…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch hulpe, inherited from Old Dutch hulpa, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hulpō (“help”), a noun formed from the root of helpen in its zero grade. The same form is…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch hen, also spelled hun, inherited from Old Dutch im, inherited from Proto-Germanic *im, inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eimus, originally the dative plural of…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch jaer, inherited from Old Dutch jār, inherited from Proto-Germanic *jēra- (“year”). The same word is Old Saxon jār, Old High German jār (modern German Jahr), Old…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch camere, inherited from Old Dutch *kamara, borrowed from Latin camera (“vault; room”), which Latin had taken from Ancient Greek καμάρα (kamára, “covered wagon…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch kennen, inherited from Old Dutch kennen, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *kannijan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *kannijaną (“to make known”), the causative of…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch kint, inherited from Old Dutch kint, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *kind, inherited from Proto-Germanic *kinþa- (“child”). The same word is Old Saxon kind and…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch comen, inherited from Old Dutch kuman, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *kweman, inherited from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną. The same word is Old Saxon kuman, Old…

1. The verb is inherited from Middle Dutch lêren, inherited from Old Dutch lēren (“to teach”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *laiʀijan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *laizijaną (“to teach”)…

The verb is inherited from Middle Dutch leven, inherited from Old Dutch libbon, inherited from Proto-Germanic *libēn-. The same verb is Old Saxon leƀon (Middle Low German ⟨leven⟩), Old High German…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch lief, inherited from Old Dutch lief, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *leub, inherited from Proto-Germanic *leuba- (“dear, beloved”). The same adjective is Old…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch lopen, inherited from Old Dutch lōpan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną (“to leap, run”). The same verb is Old…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch maken, inherited from Old Dutch makon, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *makōn. The same verb is Old Saxon makōn, Old High German mahhōn (modern German machen)…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch man, inherited from Old Dutch man, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *mann, inherited from Proto-Germanic *mannan- (“man, person”). The same word is Old Saxon man…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch meest, inherited from Old Dutch meist (“greatest”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *maist, inherited from Proto-Germanic *maista- (“most, greatest”). It has…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch mi, inherited from Old Dutch mī, inherited from Proto-Germanic *miz, in form a dative. Old Dutch already used it for the accusative too, since the North Sea…

1. The possessive “my” is inherited from Middle Dutch mijn, inherited from Old Dutch mīn, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *mīn, inherited from Proto-Germanic *mīna-. It was originally the…

It is inherited from Middle Dutch moeder, inherited from Old Dutch muoder, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *mōder, inherited from Proto-Germanic *mōdēr (“mother”). The same word is Old Saxon…