doga

Forms

doga f (genitive dogae); first declension^[1]

Etymology

It is most likely borrowed from Ancient Greek δοχή (dokhḗ, “receptacle”);^[2][1][3][4] the TLL puts it with hesitation (“it seems”).^[2] The Greek word itself goes back to Proto-Indo-European *deḱ-.^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Its one Classical-period record is in the Historia Augusta, in the life of the emperor Aurelian, where an account was kept of dogae, casks and ships:^[2][5] it seems to name a vessel, perhaps a measure for liquids.^[3][4][6] A Greek–Latin glossary equates it with βοῦττις (boûttis).^[7]

Semantic evolution

In medieval Latin it took two further senses, a stave of a cask^[8][9][10] and a ditch or moat.^[8][10] The stave sense lives on in Italian doga and in French douve,^[2][10] and Wiktionary lists Romanian doagă among its descendants.^[1]

Timeline

• 4th–5th century AD – The Historia Augusta lists dogae with casks and ships.^[2][5]
• 538/539–594 AD – Gregory of Tours writes of hidden dogae, which Du Cange takes as ditches.^[10][5]

Meanings

Noun

1. A vessel, perhaps a measure for liquids.^[3][4][6]
2. (Medieval Latin) A stave of a cask or barrel.^[8][9][10]
3. (Medieval Latin) A ditch or moat.^[8][10]

Word family

• dogarius

Usage notes

Du Cange notes that the reading dogae in the Historia Augusta is an emendation by Turnebus and Casaubon.^[10]

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
3. ^ a b c Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ a b c Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
5. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ a b Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
7. ^ Goetz, Georg (1888–1923), Corpus glossariorum Latinorum, Leipzig: Teubner; vols. VI–VII Thesaurus glossarum emendatarum, digital ed. CGLO, Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
8. ^ a b c d Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill
9. ^ a b Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch bis zum ausgehenden 13. Jahrhundert (1967–), Munich: C. H. Beck; Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
10. ^ a b c d e f g du Cange, Charles du Fresne, et al. (1883–1887), Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitatis, augmented ed. by Léopold Favre, Niort: L. Favre