Italian words first recorded in the 13th century

It is inherited from Late Latin puncta (“a thrust with a point”), the feminine of punctus used as a noun, the past participle of Latin pungō (“to prick, sting”). DEI cites the late Latin noun from…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum hāc (“look, this way”), made of the presentative Latin eccum (“here he is, behold”) and the adverb hāc (“by this way”). The first part also gave ecco. The…

It is formed from Italian quale + che, from a phrase meaning “whichever it may be”. Nocentini explains that in indefinite contexts such as “in whatever place it may be” the verb was dropped, so that…

It is borrowed from Latin repraesentō (“to bring before the eyes; to express, reproduce”), a learned borrowing. The Latin verb is a compound of praesentō (“to present”), itself from praesēns…

It is a deverbal noun formed from ritornare (“to return”). The verb is tornare (“to return”) with the iterative prefix ri-, and ritornello is a diminutive of the noun. That verb continues Latin…

It is inherited from Latin ruptus (“broken, burst”), the past participle of rumpō (“to break, to burst”), and it serves as the past participle of rompere. The same participle gave the noun rotta…

It is borrowed from Proto-West Germanic *raubōn (“to plunder, rob”), a verb formed from *rauba (“booty; clothes taken as booty”), the source of roba. Wiktionary gives Late Latin raubāre as the…

It is inherited from Latin rota (“wheel”). The stressed short /ɔ/ in an open syllable became /wɔ/, written ⟨uo⟩, as is normal in Tuscan. DEI notes that the unstressed forms of the family kept the…

It is inherited from Latin saltō (“to dance; to leap”), the intensive or frequentative of saliō (“to jump”). In Italian “saltare” took over the meaning of “saliō”, while salire came to mean “to go…

It is inherited from Latin saltus (“a jump, leap”), through its accusative. The Latin noun was formed from saliō (“to jump”) with the suffix of action nouns -tus. DELI treats it together with the…

It is inherited from Latin, but the exact base is disputed. DELI, GRADIT and Wiktionary derive it from Vulgar Latin *exēligere, a compound of Latin ex- and ēligō (“to choose”), as Diez and…

It is inherited from Latin scrīptus (“written”), the past participle of scrībō (“to write”); the noun continues scrīptum (“something written”), the neuter of the participle used as a noun. The same…

It is borrowed from Old French sergent (“servant”), recorded in French from 1050 in the sense “servant”, from Latin serviēns (“serving”), the present participle of serviō (“to serve, be a slave”)…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin speciālis (“particular, of a species”), from speciēs (“appearance; kind, species”) with the suffix -ālis; in Latin it was opposed to generālis (“general”)…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *expingere, formed with ex- on Latin pangō (“to drive in, fix”). The form with ⟨-ing-⟩ for ⟨-ang-⟩ follows the classical compounds impingō (“to drive against”) and…

It is a derivation of tagliare (“to cut”), with a model in French taille, recorded from 1160. The GDLI and Treccani derive the word directly from Old French taille (“cutting”), the noun of taillier…

It is inherited from Late Latin tenda, recorded in the glosses and in Papias, from ⟨tenta (tēla)⟩ “stretched cloth”, the feminine past participle of Latin tendō (“to stretch”). Nocentini explains…

It is inherited from Latin thēsaurus (“treasure; storehouse”), borrowed from Ancient Greek θησαυρός (thēsaurós, “store, storehouse; treasure”). DEI calls it a semi-learned word. In it the Latin…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *tīrāre, a verb known only from the Romance languages, which have French tirer (12th century), Occitan tirar, Catalan tirar, Spanish tirar, Portuguese tirar and…

It is from Italian trafficare (“to trade; to busy oneself”), a noun formed from the verb without a suffix. The origin of the verb is much discussed. Migliorini, whom DELI and Nocentini follow, saw…

The origin of this Romance verb, which has no counterpart in Latin, where the idea was expressed by Latin reperiō and inveniō, has been much discussed. In the most widely accepted view it is…

It is inherited from Latin ululāre (“to howl”), through a Vulgar Latin *urulāre in which the first ⟨l⟩ became ⟨r⟩ by dissimilation. The unstressed vowel then dropped, as Devoto explains. The…

It is borrowed from Late Latin valor (“worth, value”), a noun formed from Latin valeō (“to be strong; to be worth”). DEI and the GDLI call it a learned word; DEI adds that the Late Latin noun, found…

It is inherited from Latin ventus (“wind”). The word is found in all the Romance languages: French vent, Occitan vent, Catalan vent, Spanish viento, Portuguese vento, Sardinian bentu, Romanian vânt…

It is borrowed from Latin vēritās (“truth”), from the accusative ⟨vēritātem⟩, a learned word. The older forms Old Italian veritate and veritade were shortened to the modern form. Wiktionary calls…

It is the feminine of visto, the past participle of vedere “to see”, used as a noun. Devoto explains that participle as Vulgar Latin *vīsitus, an altered Latin vīsus after the pattern of positus…

It is inherited from Latin vīta (“life”), a derivative of vīvus (“alive”) or of the root of vīvō (“to live”). Devoto explains it as an abstract noun from a form ⟨*vivitā⟩, made with a suffix ⟨-tā⟩…

It is inherited from Latin vīvō (“to live”), from Proto-Italic *gʷīwō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷíh₃weti (“to live, be alive”). The verb is pan-Romance: French vivre, Occitan viure, Catalan viure…

It is inherited from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”), related to vīvō (“to live”). The adjective is found throughout Romance: French vif, Occitan viu, Catalan viu, Spanish vivo, Portuguese vivo…

It is inherited from Latin vōx (“voice”), from the accusative ⟨vōcem⟩. The Latin word is panromance: French voix, Occitan votz, Catalan veu, Spanish voz, Portuguese voz, Sardinian boghe and…

It is inherited from Latin voluntās (“will, wish; good will”), from the accusative voluntātem. DEI counts it among the words found across the Romance languages, though not in Romanian, while…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *vocitus (“emptied”), a variant of *vacitus, the past participle of a verb *vacēre (“to be empty”) that stood beside classical Latin vacō (“to be empty, free”). DEI…

It is inherited from Latin termen (“boundary stone”), through a Vulgar Latin accusative *termĭnem that took the place of classical terminus (“boundary”). The same word is French terme, Occitan…

It is inherited from Latin testa (“earthenware pot; tile; shell”), a word that in Late Latin came to mean the skull and then the head. In much of the Romance area the new word took the place of the…

It is inherited from Latin videō (“to see; to notice, consider”). The literary present ⟨veggio⟩ continues the Latin first person ⟨videō⟩ directly, and the participle ⟨veggente⟩ is formed on it. The…

It is borrowed from Latin contāctus (“a touching, contact”), a learned word. The Latin noun is formed on the past participle of contingō (“to touch, come into contact”), from con- and tangō (“to…

Used as an adjective, it is the past participle of convincere. DEI describes the participle as a learned adaptation of Latin convictus, the participle of the Latin verb, with an ⟨n⟩ added on the…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin exsistō (“to step out, emerge, appear; to exist”). The Latin verb is a compound of ex- (“out”) and sistō (“to stand, stop”), which Nocentini describes as…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin facilis (“easy, feasible; compliant”), formed with -ilis from faciō (“to do, make”). The Latin adjective was both passive, “that can be done”, and active…

It is borrowed from Latin imprōvīsus (“unforeseen, unexpected”), a learned word. The Latin adjective is formed with the negative prefix in- on prōvīsus (“foreseen”), the past participle of prōvideō…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin machina (“machine, device, contrivance”). The Latin noun is a very early borrowing of Ancient Greek μαχανά (makhaná, “means, contrivance, machine”), the…

It is a learned borrowing, borrowed from Latin motor (“one who moves”). The Latin noun is formed from moveō (“to move”) with the agent suffix -tor. Devoto explains it from an older *movitor, which…

It is borrowed from Latin piscīna (“fishpond”), from piscis (“fish”). The Latin noun is formed with the suffix -īna and meant a fishpond or tank, then also a bathing pool (Seneca, 1st century). DEI…

It is inherited from Latin relaxō (“to loosen, release; to relieve”), reshaped after lasciare (“to leave, let go”). The Latin verb is formed from laxō (“to loosen, slacken”) with the prefix re-…

It is borrowed from Latin sociālis (“companionable; of allies”), a learned word from socius (“companion, ally”). The Latin adjective is formed from the noun with the suffix -ālis. French social and…

It is from Italian cambiare + -mento. The verb continues Late Latin cambiāre (“to exchange”), a Late Latin word of Gaulish origin; a Gallo-Latin glossary of the 8th century explains it as giving one…

It is borrowed from Latin mappa (“napkin, cloth”). Quintilian already called the Latin word Punic, and DELI and GRADIT class it as pre-Indo-European. Wiktionary suggests a Phoenician source meaning…

It is borrowed from Lombardic *strunz (“dung”). Nocentini compares Low German strunt and Dutch stront, and derives French étron from the corresponding Frankish *strunt; Wiktionary traces the…

It is borrowed from Latin absurdus (“out of tune; senseless”), a learned word. The earliest form is Old Italian assordo, in a translation of Cicero of the early 14th century; “assurdo” became usual…

It is a shortened past participle of calmare (“to calm”), used as an adjective. The verb is formed from the noun calma (“calm”), which according to DELI and Nocentini comes from Late Latin cauma…

It is a learned borrowing, borrowed from Latin cliēns (“dependant, client”), the word for a free man under the protection of a patron in ancient Rome. The same Latin word gave French client (from…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin crisis (“crisis of an illness”), from Ancient Greek κρίσις (krísis, “separation, choice, judgement”), from κρίνω (krínō, “to separate, to judge”). In Greek…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Late Latin dīrēctor (“one who directs”), from dīrēctus (“straight; directed”), the past participle of dīrigō (“to set in a straight line; to direct”). DELI thinks…

It is a deverbal noun from disturbare, with no suffix. The verb is a learned word from Latin disturbō (“to throw into disorder, upset”), from turbō (“to disturb”) with the prefix dis-. Compare…

It is borrowed from Latin dīvertere (“to turn aside, go another way”), from vertō (“to turn”) with the prefix dis-, and it moved from the conjugation in ⟨-ere⟩ to that in ⟨-ire⟩; the older form…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin externus (“outward, external; foreign”), from exter (“on the outside”) (also exterus). The adjective is formed from ex (“out of”) with the suffix -ter…

It is derived from filo (“thread”), probably through its old collective plural, le fila, taken as a feminine singular. Nocentini and Wiktionary trace it to Latin fīla, plural of fīlum (“thread”). A…

It is inherited from Old Italian giuso in a shortened form, inherited from Late Latin iūsum (“downwards”), which replaced classical Latin deorsum in later Latin. DELI dates the Late Latin form to…

It is inherited from Latin heri (“yesterday”). The word is found throughout the Romance languages: French hier, Occitan er, Catalan ahir, Spanish ayer, Sardinian eris and Romanian ieri; Old…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin innocēns (“harmless; blameless”), formed in- (“not”) and nocēns (“harmful; guilty”), the present participle of noceō (“to harm”): literally “one who does no…