Etymologically

Etymology and origin of the Italian word doppio

Confidence
Established
Formation
Inherited
First attested
early 13th century, Rainerio da Perugia
Inherited from
Latin duplus
Ultimate origin
Proto-Indo-European *duplo-
Etymology tree
inherited borrowed derived
Latin duplus
French double
Italian doppio

Pronunciation

Forms

doppio (feminine doppia, masculine plural doppi, feminine plural doppie)[1] Old Italian forms include doplu, dopio, duplo and duppio.[2][3]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin duplus (“double, twice as much”), formed from duo (“two”) and the suffix -plus of such adjectives.[4][5][6][1] Sabatini–Coletti calls it the popular form beside the learned doublet duplo.[7][1] The same word is French double, Occitan doble, Catalan doble, Spanish doble, Portuguese doble and Sardinian duplu;[5][8] DEI notes that in southern Italy and in Romanian duplu it is learned.[9]

The comparison of Latin duplus with Ancient Greek διπλόος (diplóos, “double”) and Gothic 𐍄𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍆𐌻𐍃 (tweifls, “doubt”) points to Proto-Indo-European *duplo-, from *du- (“two”) and the root *pel- (“to fold”), “folded in two”.[5][1][9]

Several uses are calques: the tennis noun follows English double, doppio gioco follows double game, and doppiare “to dub” follows French doubler.[4][10]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is the noun doplu “twice the amount” in the vernacular translation of Rainerio da Perugia, early in the 13th century, in a penalty clause: the one who breaks the contract pays lu doplu of the thing's value.[4][11] The TLIO's first record is Patecchio's Splanamento from Cremona.[2] Bono Giamboni uses the adjective in the senses “twice as large” and “made of two layers” (before 1292).[4]

Semantic evolution

Old Italian used doppio for double weights, coins and legal penalties, for a thing folded on itself, and as an adverb “doubly”.[2] Giordano da Pisa uses it for “false, two-faced” in 1304, the source of doppiezza “duplicity” (before 1390).[4] Dante sets it against scempio “single”: prima era scempio, e ora è fatto doppio.[12]

The coin doppia (1618) was a gold piece worth two ducats.[4] 20th-century senses include doubles in tennis (1963), the double agent's doppio gioco, and a person's double.[4][7] English took doppio for a double espresso.[1]

Timeline

  • Early 13th century – Doplu “double amount” in Rainerio da Perugia.[4]
  • Before 1292 – Bono Giamboni uses the adjective.[4]
  • 1304 – Giordano da Pisa uses doppio “false”.[4]
  • Before 1390 – Doppiezza “duplicity” is recorded.[4]
  • 1618 – Doppia, the gold coin, is recorded.[4]
  • 1892 – Doppietta “double-barrelled gun” is recorded.[4]
  • 1933 – Doppiaggio “dubbing” is recorded.[4]
  • 1963 – The tennis sense “doubles” is recorded.[4]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. double, twice as much or as large: Quel mese ha preso paga doppia.[6][10][13]
  2. Made of two parts, often superimposed: doppi vetri, fucile a doppia canna.[6][7][13]
  3. Twofold, happening twice: in doppia copia.[6][13]
  4. (figurative) two-faced, false: una persona doppia.[6][7][14]
  5. (linguistics) Of a consonant: long, written twice.[6][15]
  6. (botany) Of a flower: with stamens turned into petals.[6][13]

Noun

  1. Twice the amount: Guadagna il doppio di me.[6][7]
  2. (sport) doubles in tennis.[7][1][4]
  3. A person's double; an understudy.[7]

Adverb

  1. Doubly, twice: vedere doppio.[1][12]

Word family

  • doppia
  • doppiare
  • doppiaggio
  • doppiatore
  • doppietta
  • doppiezza
  • doppino
  • doppione
  • doppista
  • doppiogiochista
  • doppiopetto
  • raddoppiare
  • sdoppiare

Usage notes

Common phrases are doppio senso “double meaning”, doppio mento “double chin”, fare il doppio gioco “to play a double game” and legato a filo doppio “closely bound”.[13][15][14]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c Tesoro della Lingua Italiana delle Origini (1997–), Opera del Vocabolario Italiano, CNR, Firenze; tlio.ovi.cnr.it
  3. ^ Battaglia, Salvatore; Bàrberi Squarotti, Giorgio (1961–2002), Grande dizionario della lingua italiana, 21 vols., Torino: UTET; digital ed. Accademia della Crusca, p. 4, 957
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Cortelazzo, Manlio; Zolli, Paolo (1999), Dizionario etimologico della lingua italiana, 2nd ed. by Manlio Cortelazzo and Michele A. Cortelazzo, Bologna: Zanichelli
  5. ^ a b c Nocentini, Alberto; Parenti, Alessandro (2010), l'Etimologico: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Firenze: Le Monnier
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h De Mauro, Tullio (ed.) (2003), Grande dizionario italiano dell'uso, CD-ROM version 2.0, Torino: UTET
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Sabatini, Francesco; Coletti, Vittorio; Manfredini, Manuela (2026), Dizionario italiano Sabatini Coletti, digital ed., Milano: Sansoni / Rizzoli Larousse
  8. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
  9. ^ a b Battisti, Carlo; Alessio, Giovanni (1950–1957), Dizionario etimologico italiano, 5 vols., Firenze: Barbèra (reprint 1975), p. 1383
  10. ^ a b Devoto, Giacomo; Oli, Gian Carlo; Serianni, Luca; Trifone, Maurizio (2026), Nuovo Devoto–Oli: il vocabolario dell'italiano contemporaneo, digital ed., Milano: Le Monnier
  11. ^ Battaglia, Salvatore; Bàrberi Squarotti, Giorgio (1961–2002), Grande dizionario della lingua italiana, 21 vols., Torino: UTET; digital ed. Accademia della Crusca, p. 4, 960
  12. ^ a b Tommaseo, Niccolò; Bellini, Bernardo (1861–1879), Dizionario della lingua italiana, 4 vols., Torino: UTET
  13. ^ a b c d e Zingarelli, Nicola (2009), Lo Zingarelli 2010: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Bologna: Zanichelli
  14. ^ a b Gabrielli, Aldo (2020), Grande dizionario italiano, digital ed., Milano: Hoepli
  15. ^ a b Vocabolario della lingua italiana Treccani (2011), Roma: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana

Related etymologies

  • no · also from Latin
  • cosa · also from Latin
  • a · also from Latin
  • mio · also from Latin
  • uno · also from Latin
  • si · also from Latin
  • sapere · also from Latin
  • fare · also from Latin
Cite this entry

“Doppio.” Etymologically, 22 Oct. 2026, etymologically.com/it/doppio. Accessed 22 Oct. 2026.

Last edited on . ·