𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌽𐍃

Forms

𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌽𐍃 (maurgins), a masculine noun of the a-stem class.^[1][2][3] The recorded forms are the nominative singular maurgins (once), the accusative singular 𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌽 (maurgin, five times) and the dative singular 𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌰 (maurgina, once).^[3] The phrases du maurgina "tomorrow", in maurgin "in the morning" and at maurgin waurþanana "when it was morning" are recorded.^[4]

Etymology

It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *murginaz (“morning”),^[5][6] with cognates in Old Norse morginn and myrginn in Old Norse, Old English morgen in Old English, Old Frisian morn in Old Frisian, Old Saxon morgan in Old Saxon and morgan in Old High German.^[6][7] Casaretto classes it as a formation of unclear type with no Germanic base word.^[8] The original sense is taken to have been "dawn, twilight": Feist and Uhlenbeck relate Slavic words for darkness and Lithuanian mérkti (“to blink”) in Lithuanian, and Feist sets up a root Proto-Indo-European *merk- (“to be dark”).^[8][9][10] Orel identifies the Germanic noun with Proto-Slavic *mьrčьnъ (“dark”).^[6] Lehmann bases it on Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to glimmer”), extended by -k-.^[11] Köbler gives both roots.^[3]

Attestation

Köbler counts seven records: four in Matthew and Mark, one each in John and 1 Corinthians, and one in the Gothica Bononiensia (2r,10, quoting Isaiah 14:12).^[3] The Wulfila project, which does not include the Bologna leaf, also counts seven tokens, because Matthew 27:1 is preserved in manuscripts CA and C; 1 Corinthians 15:32 is in manuscript A.^[12] The first in canonical order is Matthew 27:1.^[12] PROIEL aligns it four times with Ancient Greek πρωΐ (prōḯ) and once with Ancient Greek πρωΐα (prōḯa), and Köbler gives Ancient Greek αὔριον (aúrion) for du maurgina.^[13][3] Matthew 27:1 reads at maurgin þan waurþanana runa nemun allai gudjans, "when morning had come, all the priests took counsel".^[14]

Meanings

1. morning, for πρωΐ and πρωΐα^[1][3][13]
2. in du maurgina: tomorrow, for αὔριον^[3][4]

References

1. ^ a b Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910), Die gotische Bibel, II: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, Heidelberg: Winter, p. s.v. maurgins
2. ^ Regan, Brian T. (1974), Dictionary of the Biblical Gothic Language, Phoenix: Wulfila House, p. 109
3. ^ a b c d e f g Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Gotisches Wörterbuch, 4th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. maúrgins
4. ^ a b Lambdin, Thomas O. (2006), An Introduction to the Gothic Language, Eugene, Or.: Wipf and Stock, p. 180
5. ^ Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. 𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌽𐍃
6. ^ a b c Orel, Vladimir (2003), A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 276
7. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 11, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 377
8. ^ a b Casaretto, Antje (2004), Nominale Wortbildung der gotischen Sprache: Die Derivation der Substantive, Heidelberg: Winter
9. ^ Feist, Sigmund (1939), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 3rd ed., Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. maurgins
10. ^ Uhlenbeck, C. C. (1900), Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, 2nd ed., Amsterdam: Müller, p. 108
11. ^ Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986), A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the third edition of Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache by Sigmund Feist, Leiden: Brill, p. s.v. maurgins
12. ^ a b De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be
13. ^ a b Haug, Dag T. T. et al., PROIEL Treebank: The Gothic Bible (gothic-nt), 2023 release, Pragmatic Resources in Old Indo-European Languages, University of Oslo
14. ^ De Herdt, Tom (2004–2026), Project Wulfila: digital edition of the Gothic Bible with lemma and morphological annotation, data release 2026-09-03, wulfila.be, p. Mt 27:1