estudioso

Forms

estudioso (feminine estudiosa, masculine plural estudiosos, feminine plural estudiosas)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Latin studiōsus (“eager, zealous; studious”).^[2][1][3] The BDELC lists it among the derivatives of estudio, which is from studium (“zeal, application”).^[4] Wiktionary notes that it can be analysed as the noun with -oso.^[1] The same Latin adjective gave Portuguese estudioso, Catalan estudiós, French studieux and Italian studioso.^[5][6][7]

The Latin adjective is formed from the noun with the suffix -ōsus; the noun is from studeō (“to devote oneself to”).^[8][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in Alfonso X's General estoria, part IV (1280), which speaks of showing the leedor estudioso “studious reader” the arrangement of the Septuagint translators.^[9][10] The BDELC dates it only about 1450.^[4][11]

Semantic evolution

Covarrubias (1611) defines it as a lover of knowledge.^[12] Autoridades (1732) gives the sense “devoted to study” and a second, Latin sense “careful, eager, diligent”, illustrated by Quevedo.^[3] The Academy labelled the second sense figurative and obsolete from 1817, and the DLE still records it as disused.^[13][2] As a noun it now means a scholar, a person who studies a subject in depth.^[2][14]

Timeline

• 1280 – Alfonso X, General estoria IV.^[9][10]
• c. 1450 – the BDELC's date.^[4]
• 1571 – the first record from the Americas, in Mexico City.^[15]
• 1611 – Covarrubias defines it as a lover of knowledge.^[12]
• 1732 – Autoridades records both the senses “studious” and “eager, diligent”.^[3]

Meanings

Adjective

1. studious, devoted to study (estudio): Su hija es muy estudiosa.^[2][1][14]
2. (obsolete) careful about something, interested in it.^[2]

Noun

1. A scholar, a person who studies a subject in depth: Es una estudiosa de la poesía medieval.^[2][14]

Related words

• estudio
• estudiar
• estudiante

References

1. ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. estudioso
3. ^ a b c Real Academia Española (1726–1739), Diccionario de la lengua castellana (Diccionario de Autoridades), 6 vols., Madrid: Francisco del Hierro, p. 3, 659
4. ^ a b c Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. estudio
5. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. estudioso
6. ^ Alcover, Antoni M.; Moll, Francesc de B. (1930–1962), Diccionari català-valencià-balear, 10 vols., Palma de Mallorca: Moll, p. s.v. estudiós
7. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert, p. s.v. studieux
8. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. studiōsus
9. ^ a b Kasten, Lloyd A.; Nitti, John J.; Gago Jover, Francisco (2002–), Diccionario de la prosa castellana del Rey Alfonso X, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies (electronic edition 2024), p. s.v. estudioso
10. ^ a b Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies (2026), Old Spanish Textual Archive (OSTA): semi-paleographic transcriptions of Old Spanish texts, ed. Francisco Gago Jover et al., https://www.hispanicseminary.org, p. s.v. estudioso
11. ^ Segura Munguía, Santiago (2001), Nuevo diccionario etimológico latín-español y de las voces derivadas, Bilbao: Universidad de Deusto, p. 737
12. ^ a b Covarrubias Orozco, Sebastián de (1611), Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española, Madrid: Luis Sánchez (Biblioteca Wordkers transcription, CC BY 4.0), p. 815
13. ^ Real Academia Española (1817), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 5th ed., Madrid: Imprenta Real, p. 399
14. ^ a b c Moliner, María (2007), Diccionario de uso del español, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. estudioso
15. ^ Boyd-Bowman, Peter (2003), Léxico hispanoamericano 1493–1993, ed. Ray Harris-Northall and John J. Nitti, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, p. s.v. estudioso