English words first recorded in the 8th century

It is inherited from Old English āþ (“judicial swearing, solemn appeal”) (about 725, in Beowulf), from *aiþaz, cognate with Old Saxon ēth, Dutch eed, German Eid, Old Norse eiðr and Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃…

It is inherited from Middle English oft, also ofte, inherited from Old English oft, inherited from Proto-Germanic *uftō, cognate with Old Frisian ofta, Old Saxon oft, Old High German ofto, German…

It is inherited from Middle English old, ald, inherited from Old English ald (Anglian), eald (West Saxon), from Proto-Germanic *alþaz (“grown up, adult”), originally a past participle of a verb…

It is inherited from Middle English oon, also on, inherited from Old English ān, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *oi-no- (“one, unique”). Its cognates are Old Frisian ān, Old…

It is inherited from Middle English onli, inherited from Old English ǣnlīc, also ānlīc (“only, unique, solitary”), literally "one-like", formed from ān (“one”) and -līc (“-like”). It goes back to…

It is inherited from Middle English open, inherited from Old English open (“not closed; raised up; evident”), from Proto-Germanic *upanaz, which has the form of a strong past participle formed from…

It is Middle English or, oor, a merger of two Old English words: inherited from Old English ōra (“ore, unworked metal”), related to Low German ūr, iron ore, Dutch oer and Old Norse aurr, gravel, and…

It is inherited from Middle English out, also oute, which merged two Old English words that were already confused in Old English: inherited from Old English ūt (“out”) and ūte (“outside”). The first…

It is inherited from Old English ofen (“furnace, oven”), from Proto-Germanic *ukhnaz, source also of Dutch oven, German Ofen (“stove”), Old Norse ofn and Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌽𐍃 (aúhns), from…

It is inherited from Middle English over, inherited from Old English ofer (“beyond, above, across”), from Proto-Germanic *uber (“above, over”). It is cognate with Old Frisian over, Old Saxon obar…

It is inherited from Old English ofercuman (“to reach, overtake; to conquer”), from ofer (“over”) (see over) and cuman (“to come”) (see come). It is a common Germanic compound: compare Middle Dutch…

It is inherited from Middle English oule, inherited from Old English ūle (“owl”), from Proto-Germanic *uwwalōn, cognate with Middle Dutch ūle, Dutch uil, Old High German ūwila (modern Eule) and Old…

The adjective is inherited from Middle English owen, inherited from Old English āgen (“own, literally possessed”), the past participle of āgan (“to have, possess”) (see owe), from Proto-Germanic…

It is inherited from Middle English path, inherited from Old English pæþ (“narrow passage, track”), also paþ, from Proto-West Germanic *paþ, which is also the source of Old Frisian path, Dutch pad…

It is inherited from Middle English peni, inherited from Old English penig (“penny”), pening, Northumbrian penning, from Proto-Germanic *panninga-, source also of Old Norse penningr, Dutch penning…

1. The point is inherited from Middle English pike, also pik and pyk, inherited from Old English pīc (“point, pointed tool, pickaxe”), recorded from about 725 as piic. It is a long-vowel counterpart…

The verb is inherited from Middle English pleien, playen, inherited from Old English plegian, plegan (“to move lightly and quickly, exercise oneself, amuse oneself; to perform music”), and the noun…

It is inherited from Middle English quene, inherited from Old English cwēn (“queen, female ruler; woman; wife”), from Proto-Germanic *kwoeniz, an ablaut variant of *kwenōn, the source of quean, from…

It is inherited from Middle English rather, inherited from Old English hraþor (“more quickly; earlier, sooner”), the comparative of hraþe (“quickly, soon”), the source of rathe, itself related to…

It is inherited from Middle English rechen, inherited from Old English rǣċan (“to reach out, stretch out, hold forth; to succeed in touching; to offer, give”), from Proto-Germanic *raikijaną, the…

1. The verb is inherited from Middle English reren, inherited from Old English rǣran (“to raise, lift up”), from Proto-Germanic *raizjanan (“to raise”), a causative of *rīsaną “to rise”, the source…

It is inherited from Middle English rede, inherited from Old English hrēod (“reed, rush”), from Proto-West Germanic *hreuda, source also of Old Saxon hriod, Middle Dutch ried (Dutch riet) and Old…

1. Repose is inherited from Middle English reste, inherited from Old English ræst (“rest; bed; resting place”) (also rest), from Proto-Germanic *rastō, a word of uncertain origin. Its cognates…

It is inherited from Middle English riden, inherited from Old English rīdan (“to ride on horseback; to move forward; to rock, float; to swing”), from Proto-Germanic *ridanan, from…

It is inherited from Middle English rigge, rugge, inherited from Old English hrycg (“back of a man or beast”), probably reinforced by Old Norse hryggr (“back, ridge”), from Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz…

1. It is inherited from Middle English ring, inherited from Old English hring (“circlet of metal; ring; part of a mail coat”), from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“something curved, circle”), the source…

1. The bird is inherited from Middle English rok, also roke, inherited from Old English hrōc (“rook, raven, jackdaw”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hrōk, from Proto-Germanic *hrōkaz. Kroonen…

It is inherited from Middle English roum, inherited from Old English rūm (“space, extent; opportunity”), from Proto-Germanic *rūman, a noun formed from the adjective *rūmaz (“roomy, spacious”)…

It is Middle English rope, rop, inherited from Old English rāp (“strong, heavy cord”), from Proto-Germanic *raipaz, of unknown origin, source also of Old Norse reip, Dutch reep, Old High German…

1. The cereal is inherited from Middle English rye, also rie and reye, inherited from Old English ryġe, from Proto-Germanic *rugiz. Its Germanic cognates are Old Norse rugr, Swedish råg, Danish rug…

1. The verb is inherited from Middle English seien, early also seggen, inherited from Old English secgan (“to utter, inform, speak, tell”), from Proto-Germanic *sagjaną (“to say”). It is cognate…

It is inherited from Middle English see, inherited from Old English sǣ (“sea, lake, pool”), from Proto-Germanic *saiwiz, the source also of Old Saxon sēo, Dutch zee, German See (“lake; sea”), Old…

1. The verb is inherited from Middle English seen, earlier sen, inherited from Old English sēon, from Proto-Germanic *sehwaną. It is cognate with Old Frisian siā, Old Saxon sehan, Middle Dutch sien…

It is inherited from Middle English sechen, seken, inherited from Old English sēcan (“to search for; pursue, chase; long for; visit”), sēocan, influenced by Old Norse sœkja, from Proto-Germanic…

It is inherited from Middle English sethen, inherited from Old English sēoþan (“to boil, cook in a liquid”), a strong verb with past tense sēaþ, plural sudon, and past participle soden, from…

It is inherited from Middle English self, inherited from Old English self (“one's own person; same”) (also seolf, sylf), from Proto-Germanic *selbaz. Its cognates include Old Saxon self, Old High…

It is inherited from Middle English sellen, inherited from Old English sellan (“to give, furnish, supply; deliver; sell”), from Proto-Germanic *saljanan (“to offer up, deliver”), the source also of…

It is inherited from Middle English senden, inherited from Old English sendan (“to dispatch; to emit, throw”), from Proto-Germanic *sandijaną (“to make go”), a causative of Proto-Germanic *sinþaną…

The verb is inherited from Middle English setten, inherited from Old English settan (“to cause to sit, put in a place, fix firmly”), from Proto-Germanic *satjanan, the causative of the verb that…

It is inherited from Middle English sevene, inherited from Old English seofon, from Proto-Germanic *sebun, the source also of Old Saxon and Old High German sibun, Old Norse sjau, Dutch zeven and…

It is Middle English shaken, inherited from Old English sceacan (“to move quickly to and fro; to brandish; to tremble; to go, flee”), from Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, swing; to escape”)…

It is inherited from Middle English shal, inherited from Old English sceal (“I owe, he owes, will have to, ought to, must”) (infinitive sculan, past tense sceolde), from Proto-Germanic *skulaną, a…

It is inherited from Middle English shame, scheome, inherited from Old English sċeamu (“feeling of guilt or disgrace; dishonour; modesty”), from Proto-Germanic *skamō, also the source of Old Saxon…

It is inherited from Middle English sheren, inherited from Old English sceran, also scieran, a strong verb with the past participle scoren, from Proto-Germanic *skeraną (“to cut”). It is cognate…

It is inherited from Middle English shene (“beautiful, bright”), inherited from Old English scīene, also scēne, from Proto-West Germanic *skaunī, from Proto-Germanic *skauniz (“conspicuous…

1. It is inherited from Middle English shete, inherited from Old English sċēte (West Saxon sċīete, “cloth, covering”), from Proto-Germanic *skautjōn. It is related to Old English sċēat “corner…

It is inherited from Middle English shelle, inherited from Old English sciell (Anglian scell, earlier scel), from Proto-Germanic *skaljō (“piece cut off, shell, scale”), also the source of Middle…

It is inherited from Middle English scheld, shild, inherited from Old English scield (“shield; protector”), also sceld, scild, from Proto-Germanic *skelduz, which is also the source of Old Saxon…

It is inherited from Middle English schip, ship, inherited from Old English sċip (“ship, boat, vessel”), from Proto-Germanic *skipą, the source also of Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Norse and Gothic…

It is inherited from Middle English shouven, also scuven and shoven, inherited from Old English scūfan (“to push away, thrust”), a strong verb with the past tense scēaf and the past participle…

It is inherited from Middle English shewen, showen, inherited from Old English scēawian (“to look at, see, inspect”), from Proto-Germanic *skauwōjaną, from the root *skau- (“behold, look at”), from…

It is inherited from Middle English singen, inherited from Old English singan (“to chant, sing, tell in song”), from Proto-Germanic *sengwanan, also the source of Old Frisian sionga, Old Saxon and…

It is inherited from Middle English sitten, inherited from Old English sittan (“to occupy a seat; to remain; to settle; to besiege”), from Proto-Germanic *setjan, from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to…

It is inherited from Middle English slen, also slan and slayen, inherited from Old English slēan (“to strike, beat; to kill”), a strong verb of class VI with the past tense slōg or slōh and the past…

It is inherited from Middle English slepen, inherited from Old English slǣpan (“to be or fall asleep; to lie dormant”), from Proto-Germanic *slēpanan, the source also of Old Saxon slāpan, Dutch…

It is inherited from Middle English smith, inherited from Old English smið (“one who works in metal; a craftsman”), from Proto-Germanic *smithaz (“skilled worker”), from a suffixed form of…

It is inherited from Middle English som, inherited from Old English sum (“a certain one; some”), inherited from Proto-Germanic *sumaz, from a suffixed zero-grade form of Proto-Indo-European *sem-…

It is inherited from Middle English sone, inherited from Old English sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *su(H)nus (“son”), derived from *su(H)- (“to give birth”). Its…

It is inherited from Middle English song (also sang), inherited from Old English sang (“voice, vocal music, song, poem”), from Proto-Germanic *sangwaz, formed from the root of the Germanic verb that…

It is inherited from Middle English sori (earlier sari), inherited from Old English sārig (“distressed, grieved, full of sorrow”), formed from sār (“pain, sore”), the source of sore, with the suffix…