English words first recorded in the 14th century

It is inherited from Middle English happenen, formed from hap, “chance, luck”, with the verb-forming suffix -en, an extension of the more common verb hap, which it superseded. Barnhart notes…

It is inherited from Middle English herti, formed from English heart + -y. The Middle English Dictionary derives it from herte, heart, and Etymonline takes the noun in its broad figurative senses…

It is inherited from Middle English hennes-forth, also written hennes forth, a compound of hennes (“hence”) and forth, the ancestors of hence and forth. It took the place of the earlier henne-forth…

It is inherited from Middle English hospitalite, borrowed from Old French hospitalité (“hospitality; hospital”), from Latin hospitālitās (“friendliness to guests”), from hospitālis (“of a guest…

It is inherited from Middle English illustracioun, borrowed from Old French illustration (“apparition, appearance”) and directly Latin illūstrātiō (“vivid representation, an enlightening”), from the…

It is inherited from Middle English imputen, earlier inputen, borrowed from Old French imputer, also emputer, and directly borrowed from Latin imputō (“to bring into the reckoning, charge…

It is inherited from Middle English just, also juste, borrowed from Anglo-Norman just and juste, and directly borrowed from Latin iūstus (“upright, righteous, equitable; lawful”), from iūs (“right…

It is inherited from Middle English knokel, also knokil, which is not recorded in Old English. The OED treats it as a word inherited from Germanic, while the Shorter Oxford, the Oxford Dictionary of…

It is inherited from Middle English liberal, borrowed from Old French liberal (“befitting free people; noble, generous”) and directly from Latin līberālis (“of freedom, befitting a free person…

It is inherited from Middle English liberte, libertee, borrowed from Old French liberte (“freedom, liberty, free will”) (modern French liberté), a learned borrowing of Latin lībertās (“civil or…

The noun is inherited from Middle English limite, borrowed from Old French limite (“a boundary”), from Latin līmes (“a boundary, border, embankment between fields”) (stem līmit-), probably related…

It is inherited from Middle English litterature, partly through Middle French littérature and directly borrowed from Latin litterātūra (“writing, grammar, learning”), literātūra, originally “writing…

It is inherited from Middle English louch, also locht and lauch, borrowed from Scottish Gaelic loch (“lake”), from Old Irish loch (“body of water, lake”). The OED compares Gaulish loco-, found in…

1. The verb is inherited from Middle English luggen (“to pull forcibly, drag”), also loggen, probably borrowed from a Scandinavian source. Dictionaries compare Swedish lugga (“to pull by the hair”)…

It is inherited from Middle English magicien, borrowed from Middle French magicien, recorded in French from 1370–80, from magique (“magic”) with the suffix -ien; the OED allows that it may also have…

It is inherited from Middle English mayn land, a compound of mayn (“main”) and land (see main and land).

It is inherited from Middle English maturite, borrowed from Old French maturité and directly Latin mātūritās (“ripeness”), from mātūrus (“ripe”) (see mature).

It is inherited from Middle English orient, borrowed from Anglo-Norman orient and Middle French orient (“the East”), and partly borrowed from Latin oriēns (“the east, the rising sun”). The French…

It is inherited from Middle English pijoun, also pejon and pigeon, borrowed from Anglo-Norman pigon, also pijun, and Old French pijon (“young bird, especially a young dove”), probably from Vulgar…

It is inherited from Middle English plesaunt, borrowed from Old French plaisant (“pleasing, agreeable”), the present participle of plaisir (“to please”) (see please), from Latin placēre (“to be…

It is inherited from Middle English pompous, also pompes, pompis and pompius, borrowed from Old French pompos, later pompeux, and directly borrowed from Late Latin pompōsus (“stately, pompous”)…

It is inherited from Middle English preserven, borrowed from Old French preserver and Anglo-Latin preservare, from Medieval Latin praeservō, from Late Latin praeservāre (“to guard beforehand; to…

It is inherited from Middle English proteccioun, borrowed from Old French proteccion (“protection, shield”), and directly from Late Latin prōtēctiō (“a covering over”), a noun of action from prōtegō…

It is inherited from Middle English quadruple, also quadriple, borrowed from Anglo-Norman quadruple (“fourfold; a fourfold amount”), and directly borrowed from Latin quadruplus (“four times as…

It is inherited from Middle English recomenden, borrowed from Medieval Latin recommendō, from Latin re-, here probably intensive, and commendō (“to commit to one's care, commend”), the source of…

It is inherited from Middle English reducen (“to lead back, bring back”), borrowed from Old French reducer and directly from Latin redūcō (“to lead back, bring back; restore”), from re- (“back”) and…

It is inherited from Middle English regal, borrowed from Anglo-Norman regal (“royal”) and directly borrowed from Latin rēgālis (“of or belonging to a king, royal”), from rēx (“king”) and the suffix…

It is inherited from Middle English remainen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman remayn-, Old French remain-, the stressed stem of remanoir “to stay, be left”, as in il remaint “it remains”, from Latin…

It is inherited from Middle English repeten, borrowed from Old French repeter (“to say or do again, get back”), and directly from Latin repetō (“to do or say again; to attack again”), formed from…

It is inherited from Middle English representen, borrowed from Old French representer (“to present, show, portray”) (12th century), and directly from Latin repraesentō (“to make present, set in…

It is inherited from Middle English reputacioun, borrowed from Old French reputacion and directly from Latin reputātiō (“a reckoning, consideration”), from reputō “to think over, reckon”, from re-…

It is inherited from Middle English revelen, borrowed from Old French reveler, from Latin revēlō (“to unveil, uncover, disclose”), from re- (“back”) and vēlō (“to cover, veil”), from vēlum (“a…

The verb is inherited from Middle English revelen, borrowed from Old French reveler (“to rebel; to be disorderly, make merry”), from Latin rebellō (“to rebel, make war again”), with a popular sound…

It is inherited from Middle English revengen, borrowed from Old French revengier, a variant of revenchier (“to take revenge”), from re-, here intensive, and vengier (“to take revenge”), from Latin…

It is first recorded in Scots, as renk and rinc, probably borrowed from Old French renc, also reng, a row or line, the source of rank; the OED and Merriam-Webster name the source as Middle French…

It is inherited from Middle English ruyne, borrowed from Old French ruine, a learned borrowing, and also directly borrowed from Latin ruīna (“collapse, a rushing down”), from ruō (“to rush, fall…

It is inherited from Middle English rumbelen, also romblen, probably borrowed from Middle Dutch rommelen, also rummelen, or else from Middle Low German rummelen; Hoad and the Shorter Oxford call the…

1. It is inherited from Middle English ruschen, russhen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman russher, a variant of Old French ruser, reüser “to dodge, repel”, from Latin recūsō “to object to, refuse”, the…

It is inherited from Middle English solucioun, borrowed from Old French solucion (“division, dissolving, explanation, payment”), and directly from Latin solūtiō (“a loosening, unfastening”), from…

It is inherited from Middle English sperme, probably borrowed from Old French esperme and directly Late Latin sperma (“seed, semen”), from Ancient Greek σπέρμα (spérma, “seed”), from σπείρω (speírō…

It is borrowed from Old French statue (“pagan statue, graven image”), estatue, from Latin statua (“image, monumental figure”), a back-formation from statuō, to cause to stand, set up, from status, a…

It is inherited from Middle English straunger, borrowed from Old French estrangier (“foreigner”), with loss of the first syllable, from estrange (“strange, foreign”), from Latin extraneus…

It is inherited from Middle English succeden, borrowed from Old French succeder (“to follow on”) and directly borrowed from Latin succēdō (“to come after, go near to; to go up; to prosper”), from…

It is inherited from Middle English supplien, borrowed from Old French soupleer (“to fill up, make full”), later supplier, and directly from Latin suppleō (“to fill up, complete”), from sub- (“up…

It is inherited from Middle English terroure, borrowed from Old French terreur, terrour and directly borrowed from Latin terror (“great fear, dread”), from terrēre (“to fill with fear, frighten”)…

It is inherited from Middle English trade (“path, track, course”), borrowed from Middle Low German trade (“track, course”) or Middle Dutch trade, introduced through Hanseatic merchants, presumably…

It is inherited from Middle English travailour, also traveler, formed from Middle English travailen + -our, that is the verb travel with the agent suffix -er. The Middle English Dictionary also…

1. The Roman official is inherited from Middle English tribun, borrowed from Old French tribun and directly from Latin tribūnus (“magistrate, tribune”), originally "head of a tribe", from tribus…

It is inherited from Middle English tributarie, borrowed from Latin tribūtārius (“liable to tax or tribute; one who pays tribute”), from tribūtum (“tribute”), with the suffix that gives English…

It is borrowed from Old French triple or directly borrowed from Latin triplus (“threefold”), from tri- (“three”) and -plus (“-fold”) (as in duplus, see double), which corresponds to Ancient Greek…

It is borrowed from Old French triumphe (“achievement, conquest”) (modern triomphe), a learned borrowing of Latin triumphus, earlier triumpus, probably through Etruscan from Greek θρίαμβος…

It is inherited from Middle English unlikli, from English un- + likely, with similar formations in Old Norse úlíkligr and Middle Danish uligelig.

It is inherited from Middle English welthi, formed from wealth and -y.

It is inherited from Middle English whilest, an alteration of whiles, a form of while with the adverbial genitive -s, with an unetymological -t added as in amidst and amongst.

The noun is first recorded as inherited from Middle English wisk, also wysk, in Scots texts, and is probably borrowed from Old Norse visk (“wisp”), partly also from the verb. The verb, recorded from…

It is inherited from Middle English benfet, later benefet, benefit, borrowed from Anglo-Norman benfet, Old French bienfait, and directly from Latin benefactum (“good deed”), from bene facere (“to do…

1. The word for the pitcher is inherited from Middle English euer, borrowed from Anglo-Norman ewer, which the OED takes to be an unrecorded *ewiere, parallel to Old French aiguiere and eviere, now…

It is borrowed from Anglo-Norman fet, Old French fait, deed, achievement, from Latin factum (“a thing done”), the noun use of the past participle of faciō, to do, make; fact is its doublet. The…

It is inherited from Middle English frenetik, also frentik and frantik, borrowed from Old French frenetike and directly borrowed from Latin phrenēticus (“delirious”). The Latin word is taken from…

The verb is inherited from Middle English giden, borrowed from Old French guider (“to guide, lead”), an alteration, influenced by Old Occitan guidar or Italian guidare, of earlier guier, from…