приимати

Forms

приимати (priimati) impf; present приѥмлѭ, приѥмлѥши^[1] Also written приѥмати, once each in the Codex Zographensis and the Codex Assemanianus.^[1][2]

Etymology

It is from Old Church Slavonic при- (pri-) + имати (imati, “to take”), the imperfective of приѩти “to receive”.^[2][3]

The simple ѩти “to take” goes back to Proto-Slavic *jęti, present *jьmǫ, from an Indo-European root Proto-Indo-European *em- (“to take”).^[2][3] Its nearest relatives are Baltic, Lithuanian imti (“to take”) and Old Prussian imt, and further Latin emō (“to buy”), which first meant “to take”, and Old Irish compound verbs.^[2][3] The connection with Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (niman, “to take”), German nehmen and Ancient Greek νέμω (némō, “to distribute, pasture”) is disputed: Sadnik–Aitzetmüller take Gothic and Greek as probably related, while ESJS thinks it more likely that three different Indo-European roots, *jem-, *nem- and *h₁em-, influenced one another because of their similar meanings.^[2][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

In the Gospel manuscripts it means to receive or accept, for Ancient Greek λαμβάνω (lambánō, “to take, receive”) and Ancient Greek δέχομαι (dékhomai, “to accept”), as in жьн҄ѧі мьздѫ приемл҄етъ “he who reaps receives wages” (J 4, 36 Zogr Mar As) and съ радостиѭ приемл҄ѫтъ слово “they receive the word with joy” (L 8, 13 Zogr Mar As Sav).^[4]

Semantic evolution

Its first sense, to receive, takes in the gaining or acquiring of something and taking or grasping, for a long list of compounds of λαμβάνειν and δέχεσθαι.^[4][1] It also means to take someone under one's protection, to seize, and to suffer or endure, for Ancient Greek ἀνέχω (anékhō) and Ancient Greek ὑπομένω (hupoménō) (2Th 1, 4).^[4] In religious language it is to receive the sacrament, and ESJS notes that приѩти and приимати also served as auxiliary verbs in translating the Greek passive.^[2] The SJS records the phrases грѣхъ приимати “to receive condemnation” (R 13, 2) and приимати анг҄ельскꙑи образъ “to take the angelic habit”, that is, to become a monk.^[4]

In later Church Slavonic Giltebrandt glosses it “to accept, to receive”, for λαμβάνειν and its compounds in the New Testament.^[5]

Meanings

Verb

1. To receive, to accept, to get; for λαμβάνειν, παραλαμβάνειν, δέχεσθαι.^[4][1][6]
2. To gain, to acquire; for κομίζεσθαι, κληρονομεῖν.^[4]
3. To take, to grasp; for μεταλαμβάνειν.^[4][1]
4. To take under one's protection, to support; for ὑπολαμβάνειν, ἐπιλαμβάνεσθαι.^[4]
5. To seize, to capture.^[4]
6. To suffer, to endure; for ἀνέχεσθαι, ὑπομένειν, πάσχειν.^[4]

Word family

• приѩтиѥ

Related words

• приѩти

References

1. ^ a b c d e Slovník nejstarších staroslověnských památek (digital ed., Gorazd, Slovanský ústav AV ČR, gorazd.org); cf. Cejtlin, R. M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, É. (eds.) (1994), Staroslavjanskij slovar' (po rukopisjam X–XI vekov), Moskva: Russkij jazyk
2. ^ a b c d e f Havlová, Eva; Erhart, Adolf; Janyšková, Ilona (eds.) (1989–2022), Etymologický slovník jazyka staroslověnského, 21 fascicles, Praha: Academia / Brno: Tribun EU, p. 291
3. ^ a b c d Sadnik, Linda; Aitzetmüller, Rudolf (1955), Handwörterbuch zu den altkirchenslavischen Texten, Heidelberg: Winter / 's-Gravenhage: Mouton, p. 233
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Kurz, Josef; Hauptová, Zoe (eds.) (1958–1997), Slovník jazyka staroslověnského / Lexicon linguae palaeoslovenicae, 4 vols. + supplements, Praha: Academia; digital ed. gorazd.org
5. ^ Gil'tebrandt, P. A. (1882–1885), Spravočnyj i ob''jasnitel'nyj slovar' k Novomu Zavetu, 6 vols., Sankt-Peterburg
6. ^ Sadnik, Linda; Aitzetmüller, Rudolf (1955), Handwörterbuch zu den altkirchenslavischen Texten, Heidelberg: Winter / 's-Gravenhage: Mouton